194 Int. J. Computational Science and Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 3, 2012
Copyright © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
An image steganography for colour images using
lossless compression technique
P. Nithyanandam*
Department of Computer Applications,
SSN College of Engineering,
Kanchipuram Dt, 603110, India
E-mail: nithyanandamp@ssn.edu.in
*Corresponding author
T. Ravichandran
Hindustan Institute of Technology,
Coimbatore, 641032, India
E-mail: dr.t.ravichandran@gmail.com
E. Priyadharshini and N.M. Santron
Department of Computer Applications,
SSN College of Engineering,
Kanchipuram Dt, 603110, India
E-mail: indrapriyadharshini.e@gmail.com
E-mail: nmsantron@gmail.com
Abstract: Least significant bit (LSB) is a commonly used spatial domain technique which is
classified into LSB replacement, LSB matching and matrix embedding. This paper models an
algorithm which gives less distortion in cover image during embedding process. Peak signal to
noise ratio (PSNR) is a familiar benchmark used in discriminating the quality of stego image over
cover image. A Huffman encoded secret image bit stream is overlaid on the least significant bit
of cover image through matrix embedding. As a result, the stego image is constructed with much
less distortion when compared to the cover image ends up with higher PSNR value. A secret
image which cannot be embedded in a normal LSB embedding technique can be overlaid in this
proposed technique, since the secret image is Huffman encoded.
Keywords: steganography; steganalysis; payload; stego image; least significant bit; LSB; bits per
pixel; BPP; Huffman encoding; peak signal to noise ratio; PSNR; mean square error; MSE.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Nithyanandam, P., Ravichandran, T.,
Priyadharshini, E. and Santron, N.M. (2012) ‘An image steganography for colour images using
lossless compression technique’, Int. J. Computational Science and Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 3,
pp.194–205.
Biographical notes: P. Nithyanandam received his BE in Computer Science and Engineering
from Madurai Kamaraj University, India in 2000. He received his ME in Computer Science and
Engineering from BITS-Pilani in 2003. Currently, he is pursuing his PhD in Anna University. He
is working as an Assistant Professor in SSN College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai,
India. His area of interest includes cryptography, image processing and information hiding.
T. Ravichandran received his BE degree from Bharathiar University, India and ME degree from
Madurai Kamaraj University, India in 1994 and 1997, respectively. He obtained his PhD in
Computer Science and Engineering in 2007 from Periyar University, India. He is working as the
Principal in Hindustan Institute of Technology, India. His research interests include theory and
practical issues of building distributed systems, internet computing and security, mobile
computing, performance evaluation, and fault tolerant computing.
N.M. Santron received his BSc in Computer Science in 2009 from Bharathiar University, India.
Currently, he is pursuing his MCA in SSN College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai,
India. His area of interest includes image processing and information hiding.
E. Priyadharshini received her BCA in 2009 from Thiruvalluvar University, India. Currently, she
is pursuing her MCA in SSN College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, India. Her area
of interest includes image processing and information hiding.