ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SMART ANTENNA ARRAYS (SAAs) FOR IMPROVED DIRECTIVITY AT GHz RANGE FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Thesis submitted for the fulfilment of requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Electronic Engineering by AYODELE SUNDAY OLUWOLE HOWARD COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL, DURBAN – 4041, SOUTH AFRICA STUDENT NO.: 215000088 JANUARY 2018