_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: Email: awadelkarim6@gmail.com; Asian Journal of Research and Review in Agriculture 3(4): 1-21, 2021; Article no.AJRRA.504 Participation of Local Community in Tree Conservation Practices for Sustainable Forest Management in Mzinga River Catchment, Uluguru Mountains – Tanzania Seif Aldin Dawina Abdallah Fragallah 1 , L. L. L. Lulandala 2 , Muneer E. S. Eltahir 3 , Awad Elkarim Suliman Osman Khalifa 3* , Salah Eldeen Esmail Ahmed 1 , Kamal Hassan Suliman 1 , Elgodah H. Ahmed 1 , Faisal. I. Musa 1 and Elly Josephat Ligate 2 1 Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, Sudan. 2 Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania. 3 Institute of Gum Arabic Research Desertification Studies, University of Kordofan, Sudan. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Received 16 May 2021 Accepted 21 July 2021 Published 23 July 2021 ABSTRACT The research was conducted in Mzinga River catchment, Morogoro, Tanzania during the periods of 2010 - 2013 to assess the participation of local community in tree conservation practices and tree planting for Sustainable Forest Management. Providing goods and services, while maintaining ecosystem functions and forest biodiversity that built up sustainable forest to supply and support human welfare, is one of the great challenges. The Mzinga project started in 2003/04 with main focus on conservation practices to ensure sustainable forest, while addressing issues related to flow of water. The assessment was done by a combination of questionnaire, forest inventory and field observation. Socio-economic data were collected through household questionnaire survey while Ecological data collected through forest inventory. Analysis of quantitative socio-economic data was analyzed using SPSS, while content analysis was used for qualitative data. Inventory data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that, 92% of the community were actively involved in conservation activities over the catchment. These activities ranged from tree planting for economic gains, soil erosion control and water conservation. The most popular conservation activity was tree planting 43%. The study was able to document the re-establishment of a total of 99, 683 different trees planted over the catchment. Species mostly preferred and planted included Khaya anthotheca, Senna siamea and Mangifera indica. 83% of the people obtain firewood and fruits from planted trees. Findings also showed that mean stems density, basal area Original Research Article