International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-2, July 2019
2589
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: B2818078219/19©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B2818.078219
Abstract: LTE is the abbreviation of Long Term Evolution. LTE
networks are developed to provide enhanced Quality of Service
(QoS), as today’s cellular world and its high speed multimedia
applications demand variety of QoS along with a high speed data
rate. Scheduling is a key feature of any network to achieve QoS
requirements. The QoS widely depends on the distance of user
from the Evolved- Node-B (eNB). The user near eNB experience
good QoS and the user far away from eNB experiences poor
QoS. The system performance is widely affected due to this.
Hence, the ultimate and supreme goal of this research work is to
enhance the QoS of the cell edge user and improve network
performance. Proposed scheduling algorithm i.e. Improved
Extended Modified Largest Weighted Delay First (IE-MLWDF)
improves the cell edge throughput along with QoS of the cell -
edge users. The paper compares IE-MLWDF with its previous
versions namely Modified Largest Weighted Delay First
(MLWDF) and Extended - MLWDF in terms of various network
parameters. This paper presents a detailed analysis of a
scheduling algorithm to enhance QoS of cell edge users to
provide better network goals. This algorithm can further be
extended or improved to make it more effective.
Index Terms: E-MLWDF, EPC, EPS, E-UTRAN,
GSM,IE-MLWDF, LTE, MLWDF, Scheduling.
I. INTRODUCTION
LTE is a project named by Third Generation Partnership
Project (3GPP) [1]. This is new and advanced level for
wireless networks and essentially LTE-A is the upgraded
form of LTE [2]. The 3GPP LTE is very flexible radio
interface. As per work on the latest release of the LTE
standard, the main attention is just to slowly build the routes
for the further evolution of LTE, known as LTE-A [3]. The
primary objective of this evolution is to reach and even
exceed the requirements of International Mobile
Telecommunications - Advanced (IMT-A) [11].
Those necessities will include further important
advancements in terms of the performance as compared to
the current cellular systems [4]. Wireless communication
services have seen a drastic growth, globally, in the past two
decades, starting from the analog services right up to the
current digital cellular services [5]. With respect to (w.r.t) the
availability and number of subscribers, wireless
communication services have surpassed the fixed line
telephony services [6][11].
Revised Manuscript Received on July 06, 2019.
Himani Lodwal is presently a student of ME in Department of Electronics
and Telecommunication, Shri G. S. Institute of Technology and Science, Indore
India
Dr. Anjulata Yadav, Associate Professor in Shri G.S. Institute Of
Technology and Sc. Indore (MP), India.
Manish Panchal is working as Associate Professor in the Department of
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering of the Shri G S Institute of
Technology and Science (SGSITS) Indore India
In India itself, as compared to the fixed line communication,
the wireless communication penetration is about four times
more. Mobile subscribers have increased worldwide, around
one billion in less than twenty years [7]. The three most
prominent driving forces behind evolution of mobile
broadband which led to development and deployment of LTE
were the growth in high bandwidth mobile applications like
video sharing, IP-TV etc, the increased number of smart
phones and the competition among service providers leading
to flat revenues. Some more potential key components of
LTE evolution lay the foundation for LTE-A and more
advanced technologies [8].
II. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND RADIO FRAME
FOR LTE / LTE-A
The simple principle behind LTE architecture is its
functional decomposition. The features are fragmented into
some functional entities. 3GPP has specified a new packet
core called Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network architecture
to support the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
Network (E-UTRAN) over a decrease in number of network
components [3]. The Service Provider experiences a flawless
mobility with LTE architecture. It provides simpler
functionality. It reduces connections and also the handovers
to other permanent lines and wireless technologies.
Fig 1 shows the logical depiction of LTE network
architecture. The LTE architecture is very much analogous to
GSM architecture [3]. LTE architecture consists of 2
components: (1) Core Network and (2) Access Network.
Access network can be defined as Evolved Universal
Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) [1]. Core
network is totally Packet Switched. Evolved Packet Core
(EPC) is the Core Network in LTE [8]. The architecture
reduces connections and also the handovers to other
permanent lines and wireless technologies [2]. The
functionalities like access control functions, network
management functions and resource management are
achieved with the help of core network and access network.
An evolved system is formed by E-UTRAN and EPC [3][5].
To expand the system strength, ciphering has been
introduced and characterized by using an extra layer to
protect security key and other important information. EPC
also contains network traffic details and network control
units, defining the individuality, uniqueness and civil rights
of a user and tracking the activities like authorization,
authentication and the accounting server [4].
A Quality of Service (QoS) Aware Scheduling
Algorithm to Boost QoS of Cell-Edge Users in
LTE Networks
Himani Lodwal, Anjulata Yadav, Manish Panchal