~ 2046 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018; 6(2): 2046-2052 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2018; 6(2): 2046-2052 © 2018 JEZS Received: 05-01-2018 Accepted: 06-02-2018 Maria Kanan PhD. Student, Department of Entomology, Graduate Program, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia Max Tulung Professor in Entomology, Department of Entomology, Graduate Program, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia Correspondence Maria Kanan PhD. Student, Department of Entomology, Graduate Program, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia Dna barcoding for identification fly species from differents habitats in Luwuk, Sulawesi Tengah Maria Kanan and Max Tulung Abstract Flies are members of the Diptera order that many act as vectors of disease, in humans and animals. Fighting of the fly population starts from knowing the position of the species. Research has been conducted to know the position of flies species originating from several habitats in Luwuk City, Central Sulawesi. Three locations as source of fly sample are traditional market (PSR), settlement (RS1) and hospital (RS2). The thorax and back legs are used for DNA extraction and purification. Amplification of CO1 gene was done by PCR method. Visualiasi amplicon of CO1 gene is done by electrophoresis method. Nucleotide sequencing is done by sequencing method. The sequence of CO1 gene obtained in the BLAST analysis on the NCBI website and followed by phylogenetic reconstruction using the Geneous 10.1.1 Program and the MEGA 7.0 Program. The results showed that: PSR fly gene sequences have the highest similarity percentage with Chrysomya megacephala SCAU-DE-LD-C26 [KY020769] (99%). While the gene sequences of RS1 and RS2 CO1 each show the highest similarity with Chrysomya megacephala CSU160701CB14 [KY001899.1] (99%) and Hermetia illucens [HQ541186.1]. However, the reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree formed by RS1 and RS2 flies has an evolutionary relationship or similarity to Chrysomya megacephala Voucher CM1, whereas PSR has an evolutionary relationship or similarity to Chrysomya megacephala Haplotype SCAU-DE-LD-C26. Keywords: Fly, DNA barcoding, cytochrome oxydase sub unit 1 (CO1), Luwuk Introduction Flies can act as mechanical vectors of transmission of microbes and parasites that cause gastrointestinal diseases such as cholera, typhoid and dysentery (Sembel, 2010) [13] . The disease transmitted by flies depends on the species. Adult flies can carry intestinal worm eggs (Ascaris sp., Hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, Oxyiuris vermicularis, Taenia solium, Taenia saginata), Protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica), intestinal bacteria (Salmonella sp., Shigella sp. and Escherichia coli), virus polio, Treponema pertenue (cause of frambusia) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Preativatanyou et al. 2010; Sembel, 2010) [12, 13] . Small flies (Fannia) can transmit different types of Myasis (Gastric, Intestinal and Genitourinary). Cage fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) is a vector of anthrax, tetanus, yellow fever and traumatic myasis and entric pseudomiasis (although rare) diseases. Green fly (Phaenicia) can transmit myasis of eyes, bones and organs through wounds. Meat fly (Sarcophaga) can transmit skin myasis, nose, tissue, vagina and intestines. Houseflies can transmit more than 64 types of microbes and parasites that cause disease in humans (Sukontason et al. 2005; Sembel, 2010) [13] . Number of species of flies is estimated between 60,000 - 100,000 species. Almost all parts of the fly body can transmit disease, such as: body hair, feathers on the limbs, vomit and facesnya. In general the life cycle flies through 4 stages namely: egg -> larva -> pupa-> adult fly (Boror et al. 1996) [3] In some species of flies, the eggs remain in the body of adult flies until settled and then born larvae. The duration of the life cycle and the habit of laying places may vary between different types of flies. Similarly, there are differences in the temperature and place of life that are usually for each type of fly (Borror et al. 1996, Sembel, 2010) [3, 13] . Flies are able to live in various places on earth, not limited by climate, can even live as a parasite in humans and animals. The capability of this adaptation is influenced by the ability of phenotific or morphological modification initiated by genetic modification (Kaunang, 2015; Preativatanyou, et al. 2010) [12] This results in high intraspecies variation (Rotty, 2017; Sukontason, 2005) [14] . The flies are considered vectors of the disease, trying to be eradicated by humans. The use of insecticides, habitats, types of food sources, microbial symbionts, among others, affect the characteristics of phenotypic and genotypic of flies. Phenotypic and