Managing Weighted Preferences with Constraints in Interactive
Applications
Bandar Mohammed
1
, Malek Mouhoub
1
, Eisa Alanazi
2
and Samira Sadaoui
1
1
Department of Computer Science, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
2
Department of Computer Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: Preference Reasoning, Constrained Optimization, CP-nets, Weighted CP-nets.
Abstract: Developing intelligent and interactive systems with visual user interfaces is essential for any website and
mobile device. In this study, we propose a new web-based shopping system to elicit buyer’s requirements and
preferences and to provide a set of suggestions accordingly. This process is achieved by first representing the
elicited information through graphical models and then solving the underlying constrained problem. More
precisely, we have used the Weighted CP-nets (WCP-net) graphical model to allow the user to express fine-
grained preferences on the product attributes and their values in a quantitative or a conditional qualitative
form. The latter has been extended in this paper to include constraints between attributes. A backtrack search
algorithm is then performed to solve the constrained WCP-net and to return a set of Pareto optimal solutions
satisfying all the constraints and maximizing all the preferences.
1 INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, client preferences, such as web services
(Santhanam et al., 2008; Brafman and Domshlak,
2009a), play a key role in customized artificial in-
telligence applications. Several online websites in-
clude some communication with customers to be able
to comprehend and respond to their needs. When a
client is enthusiastic about purchasing a new product,
he will access the web to search for it. However, ex-
isting shopping sites offering clients new goods are
still problematic. Clients may not be pleased if these
sites are difficult to use as they do not want to deal
with complications or spend too much time brows-
ing through the sites. Corporations may not see this
as a serious issue when designing shopping websites
that are not user friendly. Additionally, the results
produced by these websites do not usually meet the
specifications of clients. To be successful, these ap-
plications should improve the consumer interaction.
Increasing the satisfaction of users can be achieved
by assist them in eliciting their preferences and re-
quirements as done in matchmaking systems (Jiang
and Sadaoui, 2012) and online auctions (Sadaoui and
Shil, 2016). Furthermore, several of these websites
are available in a restricted environment. While ex-
pressing his preferences for a laptop for example, the
customer cannot select parts that are not compatible
with each other. Hence, we should consider a sce-
nario where both preferences and constraints co-exist
together (Sadaoui and Shil, 2016). This has motivated
us to develop an interactive shopping application that
maximizes the user’s desires while satisfying some re-
quirements. This application is based on the Weighted
CP-nets (WCP-net) graphical model that we extend to
include constraints between attributes. A backtrack
search algorithm is then performed to solve the con-
strained WCP-net and to return a set of Pareto optimal
solutions satisfying all the constraints and maximiz-
ing all the preferences.
The rest of the paper is structured as follows. The
following section provides a brief background about
preferences and related graphical models as well as
constraint satisfaction. Section 3 presents the ex-
tended model Weighted CP-nets. Section 4 describes
our interactive shopping system based on Weighted
CP-nets. Finally, Section 5 lists concluding remarks
and future works.
2 BACKGROUND
Preference reasoning is an important subject in the
area of artificial intelligence, computer science and fi-
nances (Walsh, 2007; Brafman and Domshlak, 2009b;
Mohammed, B., Mouhoub, M., Alanazi, E. and Sadaoui, S.
Managing Weighted Preferences with Constraints in Interactive Applications.
DOI: 10.5220/0006902002550260
In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO 2018) - Volume 1, pages 255-260
ISBN: 978-989-758-321-6
Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
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