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Computational Materials Science
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/commatsci
Electron correlation induced orbital selective Lifshitz transition in new
hybrid 12442 iron based superconductors
Abyay Ghosh
a,b
, Soumyadeep Ghosh
a,b
, Haranath Ghosh
a,b
a
Human Resources Development Section, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013, India
b
Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC training school complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
ARTICLEINFO
Keywords:
Fe-based 12442 materials
Electronic structure calculations
Fermi surface
Orbital selectivity
Wannier function
Tight binding fitting
ABSTRACT
A systematic detailed electronic structure study of the newly discovered ACa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
i.e., 12442 iron based
compounds (where A = K, Rb, Cs) within density functional theory (DFT) based first principles calculations is
presented. The orbital projected band structures reveal mixed multi-orbital multi-band nature of the 12442
compounds having contributions mostly from Fe-3d orbitals. Unlike other hybrid iron based superconductors,
contribution of As-4p
z
orbital is negligible in these compounds. Substitution of alkali atoms of gradually higher
atomic radius exert chemical pressure inside the compound and induce orbital selective evolution of band
structure as well as density of states. Orbital projected Fermi surfaces divulge orbital selective modification in
intra orbital, inter-band nesting condition of the d
x y z
2 2
/
2 and d
xz yz /
orbital derived FSs. Correlation induced
orbital selective Lifshitz transition is revealed through GGA+U calculations. The tight binding band structure
fitted with low energy DFT bands using maximally localized Wannier functions divulge a unique feature of the
nearest neighbor hopping parameter. In contrast to many iron based compounds, intra-orbital hopping in d
z
2 is
larger than intra-orbital hopping in d
x y
2 2. Orbital selective decrease in intra-orbital hopping of d
xy
and d
yz
due
to change in chemical pressure induced by substitution of alkali atoms Rb or Cs is revealed in these compounds.
1. Introduction
Theresearchonironbasedsuperconductors(IBSC)hasprogresseda
long way since its discovery in LaFeAsO
1-x
F
x
[1]. Although many new
families of IBSCs (e.g, 122, 111, 11, 112 etc.) with very different in-
teresting properties were discovered in subsequent years [2–6], re-
centlyadistinctlyinterestingtrendisemerginginthisfield.Inthequest
of raising transition temperature and improving physical properties,
synthesis of new hybrid family of superconductors comprising a com-
bination of two structures from two different or same previously ex-
isting families of IBSCs has received significant attention. For example,
CaKFe
4
As
4
which is a member of 1144 family is derived from two
different Fe based compounds of the same 122 family – CaFe
2
As
2
and
KFe
2
As
2
[7]. Similarly other compounds from 1144 family like CaRb-
Fe
4
As
4
, CaCsFe
4
As
4
, SrKFe
4
As
4
, SrRbFe
4
As
4
, SrCsFe
4
As
4
, EuKFe
4
As
4
,
EuRbFe
4
As
4
, EuCsFe
4
As
4
are also the hybrid of two different com-
pounds from same 122 family [8]. More recently, a copious amount of
IBSCs were discovered from concoction of two different families of iron
based compounds – 1111 and 122 with lattice mismatch tunning. The
KCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
compound is the inter-growth of CaFeAsF and KFe
2
As
2
[9]. Soon after the discovery of KCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
, two more 12442 iron
based fluoride superconductors are synthesized – RbCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
,
CsCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
whicharehybridmixtureofCaFeAsFwithRbFe
2
As
2
and
CaFeAsF with CsFe
2
As
2
respectively [10]. The superconducting
transition temperature in KCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
, RbCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
and
CsCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
was observed to be 33K, 30.5K, 28.2K respectively. The
crystalstructureof12442fluoridesconsistofFe
2
As
2
double layers with
alkali metal (A = K, Rb, Cs) atoms sandwiched and separated by Ca
2
F
2
layers (Fig. 1). This resembles the CuO
2
double planes in high T
c
cup-
rate superconductors. All the 12442 iron based compounds crystallize
in body centered tetragonal structure with space group I4/mmm [9,10]
incontrastto1144compoundswhichcrystallizeinprimitivetetragonal
structure with space group P4/mmm [7]. As atoms occupy two in-
equivalentcrystallographicsitesintheFeAs-layerverysimilartothatin
1144 compounds. Thus, it is a legitimate issue to verify whether As
atoms play a significant contribution to the electronic structure in these
compounds like that in 1144 compounds or not. The exotic phases like
spin density wave (SDW) [11,12], nematicity [13,14], tetragonal to
orthorhombic structural transition [15] etc. are absent in both the hy-
brid family compounds, 1144 and 12442 although they are derived
from 122 compounds that exhibit various exotic phases. To explore the
nature of superconducting gap in these compounds μSR experiments
were performed which revealed multi-gap nodal superconductivity
with (s + d)-wave nature in both KCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
and CsCa
2
Fe
4
As
4
F
2
compounds [16,17]. This is in sharp contrast to the other hybrid 1144
compounds where multi-gap nodeless superconductivity with
±
s sym-
metry just like that observed in 112 compounds was found from neu-
tron spin resonance measurements [18,19]. However, the gap probed
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.109802
Received 18 March 2020; Accepted 14 May 2020
Computational Materials Science 183 (2020) 109802
0927-0256/ © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
T