International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics | March-April 2019 | Vol 6 | Issue 2 Page 390
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
Shinde R et al. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2019 Mar;6(2):390-393
http://www.ijpediatrics.com pISSN 2349-3283 | eISSN 2349-3291
Original Research Article
A study on clinical correlation of EEG in neonates
with perinatal asphyxia
Rajendra Shinde
1
, Kiran Haridas
2
*, Madhavi Shelke
3
, L. S. Deshmukh
3
, P. S. Patil
3
INTRODUCTION
Perinatal asphyxia is the most common and important
cause of preventable cerebral injury occurring in the
neonatal period. Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is an insult to
the fetus or newborn due to a lack of oxygen(hypoxia)
and/or a lack of perfusion (ischemia) to various organs.
1
The WHO has estimated that 4 million babies die during
the neonatal period every year and 99% of these deaths
occur in low-income and middle income countries. Three
major causes account for over three quarters of these
deaths, serious infection (28%) complication of preterm
birth (26%) and Perinatal asphyxia (23%). These
estimations imply that birth asphyxia is the cause of
around one million neonatal deaths each year. One of the
present challenges is the lack of a gold standard for
accurately defining perinatal asphyxia. Because of same
reason the incidence of Perinatal asphyxia is difficult to
quantify.
2
Damage to the brain tissue is a serious complication of
low oxygen that can cause seizures and other
1
Department of Pediatrics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2
Department of Pediatrics, NRHM, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
3
Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Received: 12 February 2019
Accepted: 16 February 2019
*Correspondence:
Dr. Kiran Haridas,
E-mail: kkiranharidas@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Background: Perinatal asphyxia is the most common and important cause of preventable cerebral injury occurring in
the neonatal period. The WHO has estimated that 4 million babies die during the neonatal period every year.
According to WHO, perinatal asphyxia is defined as the failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth. The objective
is to study the electroencephalographic changes and correlation between severity of Perinatal asphyxia with EEG
changes.
Methods: It is prospective observational study, which includes 40 term neonates admitted in NICU with perinatal
asphyxia in GMCH Aurangabad. EEG analysis focused on background activity and classified into four categories.
Results: The EEG was normal in 45%, mild abnormal in 25%, intermediate in 15%, and severely abnormal in 15%.
Outcome at discharge was normal in 19(47.5%) and abnormal in 21(52.5%) including 1 death. Abnormal outcome
was seen in 27% of newborns with normal EEG and 72% of abnormal EEG.
Conclusions: Severity of perinatal asphyxia correlated well with abnormality of EEG. EEG changes and severity
showed good correlation with immediate outcome of newborn in terms of duration of hospitalization and normal
neurological examination.
Keywords: EEG, Neonates, Outcome, Perinatal asphyxia
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190683