Simultaneous Determination and Mutual Interaction Study of Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol in Concomitant Administration by a New UPLC Method Uddin MN 1* , Das S 2 , Md Mijan NH 1 , Md Al-Amin 1 and Bhuiyan HR 2 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh 2 BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong, Bangladesh * Corresponding author: Uddin MN, Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh, Tel: 0088-01710915011; E-mail: nasircu72@gmail.com Received date: December 19, 2016; Accepted date: January 20, 2017; Published date: January 23, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Uddin MN, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract A new simple, fast, accurate, precise and reproducible UPLC method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol. Reversed-phase Shim-pack XR-ODS (100 × 3.0 mm, 1.7 μm) column was used to resolve the drugs utilizing a mixture of CH 3 OH and 5 mM NaH 2 PO 4 as mobile phase at gradient program equilibrated initially by 56:44 (v/v). The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 0.20 mL min -1 with detection at 280 nm. 10 μL volume of sample was injected by the auto sampler. Separation was completed within 3.82 ± 0.03 minutes. For both drugs linear was obtained over a studied concentration range of 10 μg mL -1 with correlation coefficient 0.999. Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) for intra and inter day precision was <1.5% indicating the method’s good reproducibility. The mean recovery of the drug determination was 99.39%. LOD was found to be 0.025, 0.020 μg mL -1 for ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol, respectively. The proposed method might be applied for routine analysis of both drugs in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Furthermore, no experimental evidences in favour of adverse pharmaceutical interaction were revealed in their concomitant use. Keywords: Antibiotic; UPLC method; Ciprofoxacin; Chloramphenicol; Pharmaceutical interaction Introduction Ciprofoxacin is a broad spectrum antibiotic and is ofcial in Indian pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, United States pharmacopoeia [1]. Ciprofoxacin (CFX) is used clinically for the treatment of respiratory tract infections [2]. Ciprofoxacin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic in the amino penicillin family used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms, Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is usually the drug of choice within the class because it is better-absorbed, following oral administration, than other β-lactam antibiotics. Ciprofoxacin HCl is widely used as antibacterial agent for the treatment of infections endocarditis, gastroenteritis, malignant otitis external, respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections etc. [3]. Ciprofoxacin is one of the most common antibiotics prescribed for children. World Health Organization listed it as the essential medicines needed in a basic health system. Tey are normally the only penicillins added to feedstufs at the maximum level of 500 mg kg -1 [4]. Chloramphenicol (CLP) is an efective antibiotic that has widely been used since the 1950s to treat food-producing animals. Chloramphenicol interferes with protein synthesis of many gram- negative and gram-positive bacteria [5] causing toxic efects on humans [6]. Te dichloride carbon alpha to the carbonyl group readily undergoes substitution with nucleophiles such as those found on proteins creates toxicity [7]. Te main potential human toxicity is ion of red blood cell production in bone marrow is depressed by the chloramphenicol leading to aplastic anemia [5,8]. Which is idiosyncratic and generally fatal? Use of intravenous chloramphenicol being associated with gray baby syndrome newborn infants failed to metabolize chloramphenicol in their body. During breast feeding use of chloramphenicol should be avoided as it passes into breast milk. Te use of chloramphenicol in human and veterinary medicine is limited because of the well-known risk of a plastic anemia and carcinogenic properties of CLP [9]. Tough no oral formulation of chloramphenicol is available in the U.S. due to its potential toxicity at therapeutic doses it is prescribed for treatment of severe infections in humans. But in the European Union (EU), Canada and United States the use of CLP is banned for meat producing animals and aquaculture. Due to its broad spectrum activity, ease availability and low cost CLP is still recommended to treat seafood products, in optical preparations (ointments and eye drops) for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis [10]. Te minimum required performance limit (MRPL) for the detection of CLP residues in food of animal origin has been fxed at 0.3 µg kg -1 [11] in these considerations for regular monitoring of CLP at residual levels a sensitive and reliable method for the determination is immense needed. In human and veterinary medicine both ciprofoxacin and chloramphenicol are used due to their antibacterial properties. Both have adverse efect on their overdose nausea, diarrhea, abnormal liver function tests, vomiting, rash mental changes, light-headedness, insomnia, confusion, anxiety. Again, because of the well-known risk of Uddin et al., Pharm Anal Acta 2017, 8:1 DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000535 Research Article Open Access Pharm Anal Acta, an open access journal ISSN: 2153-2435 Volume 8 • Issue 1 • 1000535 P h a r m a c e u t i c a A n a l y t i c a A c t a ISSN: 2153-2435 Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta