Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 2023, 13, 98-113 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojas ISSN Online: 2161-7627 ISSN Print: 2161-7597 DOI: 10.4236/ojas.2023.131007 Jan. 10, 2023 98 Open Journal of Animal Sciences Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Antimicrobial Use and Resistance among Village Animal Health Workers and Veterinary Drug Retailers in Cambodia Bunna Chea 1,2 , Sokom Kong 2 , Sokha Thim 2 , Naiheak Ban 2 , Rithy Chrun 3 , Vutey Venn 2 , Cherry Fernandez-Colorado 4 , Kroesna Kang 2 1 Graduate School, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 3 Faculty of Agro-Industry, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 4 Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Philippines Abstract Misuse, overuse, and missed prescription of antimicrobials are the driving factors to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) leading to a globally increasing public health concern. This study was conducted to assess the current know- ledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of village animal health workers (VAHWs) and veterinary drug retailers (VDRs) on antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The sample size was calculated follow- ing [1]. KAP data were scored and categorized following Bloom’s cut-off score. A total of 108 study populations (66 VAHWs and 42 VDRs) were pur- posively surveyed using a validated KAP questionnaire in 5 provinces across Cambodia. This study found that VAHWs and VDRs have moderate levels of knowledge (61% to 65%) and good attitudes towards AMU (83% to 84%) but employed moderate practices (59% to 74%) on AMU. VAHWs had moderate (66%); while DVRs had poor knowledge (58%) on AMR. Thus, regular awareness education specifically on proper use, prudent use, and steward- ships on AMU and AMR in the form of refresher training or awareness events must be provided to VAHWs and VDRs to avoid inappropriate use of antimicrobials and spreading the AMR knowledge across Cambodia. Keywords Antimicrobial Use, Antimicrobial Resistance, Attitudes, Knowledge, Practices How to cite this paper: Chea, B., Kong, S., Thim, S., Ban, N., Chrun, R., Venn, V., Fernandez-Colorado, C. and Kang, K. (2023) Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Antimicrobial Use and Resistance among Village Animal Health Workers and Vete- rinary Drug Retailers in Cambodia. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 13, 98-113. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2023.131007 Received: December 1, 2022 Accepted: January 7, 2023 Published: January 10, 2023 Copyright © 2023 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access