Optimization of interconnect flow channels width
in a planar solid oxide fuel cell
Xiaolian Li
a,b
, Wangying Shi
a,b
, Minfang Han
a,b,*
a
Department of Energy and Power Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University,
Beijing, 100084, PR China
b
Tsinghua Innovation Center in Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, PR China
article info
Article history:
Received 16 May 2018
Received in revised form
21 August 2018
Accepted 11 September 2018
Available online xxx
Keywords:
Solid oxide fuel cell
Interconnect flow channels
Simulation
Channel width
abstract
Finite element analysis is an effective method to investigate the uniformity of species
distribution in solid oxide fuel cells. This paper presents a 3-D model with coupled mass
transport, electron transfer and electrochemical reaction. Based on a working anode-
supported SOFC with gas channels and porous electrodes, the model is validated by
measured IeV curves. The simulated results deviate no more than 3% from the measured
data and indicate significant dependency of current density distribution on the gas
composition distribution. Meanwhile, the simulated results also indicate that the ridges of
the interconnect have negative effects on electrochemical reaction due to the limitation of
mass transport. In further study, cases of various channel widths are calculated and
analyzed, finding that the optimal width ratios for electrochemical in cathode and anode
are 0.5.
© 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.
Introduction
Solid oxide fuel cell is a device that directly converts chemical
energy to electricity at high electric efficiency and with low
emission. As an electrochemical reactor, the distribution of
species, electron and heat directly affects the electrochemical
performance of a SOFC [1]. Regions with high reactant con-
centration show high reaction rates and thus high current
density and temperature. While the sites lacking of reactants
have limited reaction rate [2,3]. Secondly, the variation in
temperature induced by non-uniform distribution of species
significantly contributes to the deterioration of materials in
long-term operations [4e8]. It is important to ensure the uni-
formity of species and temperature. The studies found that
the species transportation and distribution in fuel cells
strongly depend on the design of electrodes, interconnector
and the external manifold [5,6,9e11]. Zeng et al. [12], Huang
et al. [13] explored the effects of anode porosity on thermal
stress and found that increased porosity resulted in decreased
von mises stress.
Zhao et al. [14] constructed a model to investigate the in-
fluence of the external manifold on flow distributions and
pressure variations. The results indicated that flow uniformity
strongly depends on geometric shapes of the manifold,
including gas inlet position and dimensions.
In these studies, numerical simulations based on various
commercial software were done to investigate the coupled
physical process and to suggest geometrical optimization of
the cells [9,10]. Considering the high costs and long time
* Corresponding author. Department of Energy and Power Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University,
Beijing, 100084, PR China.
E-mail address: hanminfang@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn (M. Han).
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
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journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/he
international journal of hydrogen energy xxx (2018) 1 e11
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.09.061
0360-3199/© 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.
Please cite this article in press as: Li X, et al., Optimization of interconnect flow channels width in a planar solid oxide fuel cell, In-
ternational Journal of Hydrogen Energy (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.09.061