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Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confdence
interval; CMHS, college of medicine and health science; ILO,
international labor organization; Km. kilometers; MoH, ministry
of health; PPE, personal protective equipment; SNNPRs, southern
nation nationalities and peoples region; V, version; WHO, world
health organization
Background
Of the total workers in the world that reaches 3 billion, nearly
85% are without occupational safety. According to WHO report in
2006 from 100 million cases of work related injuries over 2 million
deaths has occurred so far.
1
Cases appear to be rising due to rapid
industrialization in some developing countries. On sub Saharan Africa
54,000 fatal occupational accidents happen annually. Approximately
42 million work-related accidents took place that causes at least
3days absence from work. The fatality rate of the region is 21 per
100,000 workers and the accident rate per 100,000 workers is 16000.
1
Now-a-days industries and working areas are increasing in Ethiopia.
As a result the problem of injury is severing because safe working
conditions do not exist in the rate of industrial distribution. Only 5
to 10 percent of workforces in developing countries like Ethiopia
have access to some kind of occupational health services.
2,3
In a study
among 3,100 factory workers in Addis Ababa reported an incidence
rate of 200 injuries per 1000 exposed workers per year.
4
The injury
rate among 4,462 industrial workers in Addis Ababa was 80 per 1000
exposed workers per year.
5
Reports from Department of Environmental
Health of Ministry of Health in the country indicated that among
16,610 large-scale industrial workers in Addis Ababa, a prevalence
rate of 723 injuries per 1000 exposed workers was observed.
6
The
study conducted in Gondar on the magnitude of injuries with the
factors related among workers engaged in small and medium scale
industries 32.4% of workers engaged specifcally on medium scale
industries had experienced work related injuries. The study further
showed 49.1% of the injured respondents faced more than one injury
and 12% respondents had experienced work related injuries for a two
weeks period prior to data collection.
7
This is because in countries like
Ethiopia occupational health and safety is among the lowest where
few considerations have been given.
4
In Ethiopia, there were 5, 596 fatal accidents, the highest of all 48
African countries included in the study.
8
A nonfatal accident which
makes 3days absence on the other hand was 4,270,815 and was still
the highest. According to the study on assessment of occupational
injuries in Tendaho Sugar Factory in Afar region of Ethiopia, 6153
work days were lost among 634 injured respondents. On average 11.4
working days were lost per an injured worker per year.
9
In addition,
most, 789(97.4%), of them had never been involved in occupational
health and safety on job training. Onehundred eighty eight (23.2%),
216(26.7%), and 86(10.6%) of participants drank alcohol, chewed
“khat” and smoked cigarette, respectively. Four hundred ninety
three (60.9%) respondents had sleeping disorders, 163(33.1%) had
evening or mid-night shifts. Five hundred thirty two (65.7%) of the
respondents were not satisfed with their present job.
10
Most study
participants 786(97.0%), did not use personal protective equipment
at work places. The main reason for not using personal protective
devices was absence of the devices, for 773(98.3%) of the workers
and absence of health and safety training among 246(31.3%) workers.
MOJ Public Health. 2018;7(4):180‒187. 180
©2018 Kibret et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.
Prevalence and associated factors with work related
injuries among workers in Etab soap and detergent
factory Hawassa, Ethiopia
Volume 7 Issue 4 - 2018
Habtamu Kibret,
1
Yonas Kassahun,
1
Habtamu
Senbeta,
1
Lelisa Gemechu,
1
Dereje Geleta,
2
1
Department of Environmental Health, Hawassa University,
Ethiopia
2
School of Public Health, Hawassa University, Ethiopia
Correspondence: Habtamu Kibret, School of Environmental
Health, Hawassa University, Ethiopia,
Email
Received: March 07, 2018 | Published: July 12, 2018
Abstract
Background: Now a days industries and working areas are increasing in Ethiopia. As a
result the problem of injury is severing by lack of safe working conditions. Only 5 to 10
percent of workforce in Ethiopia has access to some kind of occupational health services.
Occupational injuries pose a major public health and development problems in work places.
Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the magnitude and factors associated with work
related injuries among workers in Etab soap and detergent
Method: Industrial based cross sectional study was employed. A total of 181 workers were
selected randomly.
Results: One hundred ffty (82.9%) workers use PPE while working, even though 69(38%)
of the respondents had experienced several types of injuries. Younger age group [AOR
=160.25(6.83-37.6)], being permanent worker [P≤0.001 and AOR=0.07(0.02-0.37)], using
personal protective equipment [P=0.007 and AOR=0.04 (0.15-0.60)], job satisfaction
[P≤0.001 and AOR= 2.05(0.39-10.87)] show signifcant association with injury.
Conclusion and recommendations: The type of injuries occurred was varied by the work
department and the working mechanism. Chemicals were the source of injury in many
occasions. PPE use was the major concern in determining injuries. Age, employment
pattern, regular supervision and safety training was also the key issues in determining work
related injuries.
Keywords: worker related injury, injury, factory, detergent, personal protective equipment
MOJ Public Health
Research Article
Open Access