Volumetric analysis of cleft lip deformity using 3D stereophotogrammetry Ann. Ital. Chir., 90, 4, 2019 281 Ann. Ital. Chir., 2019 90, 4: 281-286 pii: S0003469X19029968 Pervenuto in Redazione Novembre 2019. Accettato per la pubblicazio- ne Febbraio 2019 Correspondence to: Dr. Maria Ida Rizzo, Viadotto Gronchi 13, 00139 Rome, Italy (e-mail: mariaidarizzo@gmail.com) Maria Ida Rizzo*, Rajabtork Zadeh*/**, Daria Bucci**, Annapina Palmieri°, Cristiano Monarca**, Edoardo Staderini°°, Giorgio Oliva°°, Ettore Candida°°, Patrizia Gallenzi°°, Massimo Cordaro°°, Mario Zama* *Craniofacial Centre, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy **Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy °National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy °°Institute of Dentistry (Head: Prof. M. Cordaro), Cattolica del Sacro Cuore University, Milan, Italy Volumetric analysis of cleft lip deformity using 3D stereophotogrammetry PURPOSE: To quantify and compare pre-operative and post-operative volumetric adjustments of the upper lip tissues in patients with cleft lip. METHODS: Te authors performed an anthropometric study and a quantitative analysis of the diferences based on three-dimensional morphology of the nasolabial area. Twenty facial images using the three-dimensional stereophotogram- metry were taken from ten selected subjects on two separate occasions, sitting in natural head position. Facial landmarks were marked and measurements recorded, in order to calculate the volumetric adjustments in the soft tissues of the upper lip, comparing the preoperative and postoperative results. Student test and p-Value were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Te analysis of the 3D images showed variability with the pre- and postoperative volumes of the nasolabial area with: an increase of upper lip volume all patients; a complete view of the severity in the preoperative; and an improvement of the appearance in the postoperative. Te amount of increase of the upper lip volume was established about 29,7%. For all measurements, the variability between pre- and post-operative was signifcant (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Te 3D stereophotogrammetry technique allows a detailed preoperative evaluation and an accurate assess- ment of the surgical outcomes. Te study provides a value of volumetric variation of the upper lip in individuals with cleft lip. KEY WORDS: Cleft lip, Nasolabial area, 3D Morphological Analysis, 3D Stereophotogrammetry, Upper lip volume Te use of three-dimensional (3D) stereo-photogram- metry in cranio-facial anthropometric studies brings many advantages to surgical procedures: high accuracy and precision, quick acquisition, non-invasiveness, the ability to rotate and view a 3D scan from all angles, the ability to track 3D changes pre- and postoperati- vely, 3D video-analysis and improved surgeon and patient satisfaction 2 . The purpose of this study was to quantify and com- pare pre-operative and post-operative volumetric adju- stments of the upper lip tissues in patients with cleft lip, analyzing differences based on three-dimensional morphology of the nasolabial area. The null hypothe- sis was that there is no difference between preoperati- ve and postoperative volumes of the upper lip. Introduction Optimization of care to correct the cleft lip deformity is hampered by lack of objective measures to quantify pre-operative severity and postoperative outcome 1 . Individuals with unilateral (UCLP) cleft lip have usually their primary repair at three months of age. Several methods illustrate facial evaluation, such as anthropometry or two-dimensional photogrammetry, but most of them are prevented because children do not cooperate easily. ARTICOLI ORIGINALI - ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS READ-ONLY COPY PRINTING PROHIBITED