Vol.:(0123456789)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-019-09446-5
1 3
ORIGINAL PAPER
Crime Generators in Context: Examining ‘Place
in Neighborhood’ Propositions
Marie Skubak Tillyer
1
· Pamela Wilcox
2
· Rebecca J. Walter
3
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Objectives The present study tests hypotheses regarding the moderating infuence of
neighborhood-level criminal opportunity on the relationship between crime generators and
block-level crime.
Methods We frst estimated multilevel negative binomial regression models for violent,
property, and drug crimes to identify crime-type specifc crime generators on each block.
We then estimated a series of crime-type specifc models to examine whether the efects of
violent, property, and drug crime generators are moderated by three census block group-
level indicators of neighborhood criminal opportunity—concentrated disadvantage, vehic-
ular trafc activity, and civic engagement.
Results The positive relationship between crime generators and crime on blocks was exac-
erbated in census block groups with high levels of concentrated disadvantage and high lev-
els of trafc activity for all three crime types. The efects of crime generators on block-
level crime were signifcantly tempered in census block groups with high levels of civic
engagement.
Conclusions Particular place types do not generate crime similarly across varying neigh-
borhood contexts. Rather, the criminogenic efects of micro-places appear to be exacer-
bated in neighborhoods with extensive criminal opportunity and tempered in neighbor-
hoods with less criminal opportunity.
Keywords Place in neighborhood · Multilevel opportunity · Crime generators · Crime and
place
* Marie Skubak Tillyer
Marie.Tillyer@utsa.edu
1
Department of Criminal Justice, University of Texas at San Antonio, 501 W. Cesar E. Chavez
Blvd., San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
2
Department of Sociology and Criminology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA,
USA
3
College of Built Environments, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA