Case Report
Left Main Compression by a Giant Aneurysm of the Left Sinus of
Valsalva: An Extremely Rare Reason for Myocardial Infarction
and Cardiogenic Shock
Bruno L. R. Faillace, Micheli Z. Galon, Marcos Danillo P. Oliveira, Guy F. A. Prado Jr.,
Adriano A. M. Truffa, Expedito E. Ribeiro, and Pedro A. Lemos
Department of Interventional Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of S˜ ao Paulo,
Avenida Dr. En´ eas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, 05403-900 S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Correspondence should be addressed to Expedito E. Ribeiro; expribeiro@incor.usp.br
Received 29 July 2015; Revised 25 August 2015; Accepted 30 August 2015
Academic Editor: Mohammad R. Movahed
Copyright © 2015 Bruno L. R. Faillace et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva are very rare and mostly located in the right coronary sinus. Tey might course with dyspnea,
fatigue, and acute coronary syndromes. We present herein an extremely rare case report of a 61-year-old woman diagnosed with
external lef main coronary compression by a giant aneurysm of the lef sinus of Valsalva, which was successfully managed with
percutaneous coronary intervention.
1. Introduction
Aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva are very rare and mostly
located in the right coronary sinus [1], with common protru-
sion and rupture to right ventricle and atrium, respectively,
and are more related to history of infectious endocarditis (IE)
with low mortality rate in stable cases [2].
Tey might course with dyspnea, fatigue, and acute
coronary syndromes (ACS) [3, 4]. Clinically recognized
myocardial infarction is uncommon in patients with IE and
mostly reported as case or series reports [5].
2. Case Report
A 61-year-old female was submitted four years ago to surgical
aortic valve replacement (SAVR) with deployment of a bio-
logical valvar prosthesis due to native aortic valve endocardi-
tis. Tree years afer this procedure, she was admitted to the
cardiology emergency department complaining of persistent
daily fever and asthenia for the last ten days. Transesophageal
echocardiography (TEE) fndings (thickness of the prosthetic
leafets, Figure 1) associated with clinical and laboratorial
fndings (elevated infammatory markers) were compatible
with the Duke criteria [6] for biological aortic prosthesis
infectious endocarditis (BAPIE).
During the same hospitalization, twenty days afer the
antibiotic regimen was introduced, the patient developed
hemodynamic instability associated with severe chest pain
at rest. Te electrocardiogram showed ST segment elevation
in the lead aVR and marked difuse ST segment depres-
sion (Figure 2). Emergent coronary angiogram was then
performed and evidenced an important luminal narrowing
of the distal lef main coronary artery (LMCA) and the
proximal portions of the lef anterior descending (LAD) and
lef circumfex (LCx) arteries (Figure 3). Due to the refractory
hemodynamic compromise, despite the use of high doses
of vasopressors and inotropes combined with intra-aortic
balloon pumping (IABP) support and invasive mechanical
ventilation, it was decided by the percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI). A long metallic stent (3,5 × 28 mm) was
then implanted on the LMCA-LAD, which was postdilated
with a high pressure noncompliant balloon (4,0 × 15 mm).
Afer that, another long metallic stent (3,5 × 28 mm) was
deployed through the struts of the previous stent (according
to the “T” and small protrusion technique) into the proximal
portion of the LCx. A fnal simultaneous kissing balloon
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Case Reports in Cardiology
Volume 2015, Article ID 703646, 3 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/703646