Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Bot.), 11(2): 207 – 216 (2015) © The Egyptian Society of Experimental Biology ISSN: 1687-7497 On Line ISSN: 2090 - 0503 http://my.ejmanger.com/ejeb/ RESEARCH ARTICLE Saida M. Amer Sobhy ElSawy Elsilk Gamal Ibrahem Taha Shamma Soad M. Abu El-Souod Ahmed Fathy El-Marhomy EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON HUMAN CANDIDIASIS IN TANTA HOSPITALS, EGYPT ABSTRACT: In the present work Candida species were isolated from hospitalized patient samples for different underlying diseases admitted to Tanta El-Menshawy general hospital and Tanta university hospitals. The objective of this work is to study the isolation and identification of Candidia spp. from patient samples of (urine, stool, semen, C.S.F, oral and vaginal swabs) were directly culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium. A total number of 282 patient samples during 2013-2014 in the present study; of which were 152 positive (53.9%), 116 negative (41.13%) and 14 mixed (4.96%) infections. In the positive patient samples Candida albicans was the most common species represented 68.45% (n=115), followed by Candida tropicalis represented 16.07%, Candida glabrata represented 11.31% and Candida krusei represented 4.17%. According to sex criteria there were 46.43% males and 53.57% females positive for Candida species. While in the case of 69 patients above the age of 30 years old (55.07% male and 44.93% female) of which Candida were isolated from different samples as follows; 18.84% from urine, 11.59% from stool, 20.29% from vagina, 27.54% from semen, 4.35% from C.S.F, and 17.39% from oral cavity. 57.97% of them were HCV Ab. Negative and 42.03% were HCV Ab. Positive. Chi-square test was used in the present work for statistical analysis. The study suggested that candidiasis is the most common nosocomial infection among underlying patient diseases. Also the correct microbiological diagnosis is the key to successful treatment from Candidiasis. KEY WORDS: Candida spp., Candidiasis, hepatic, diabetic patients, underlying diseases CORRESPONDENCE: Saida Mohamed Amer Botany Department, Microbiology section, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt E-mail: saida_amer2014@yahoo.com Sobhy ElSawy Elsilk Gamal Ibrahem Taha Shamma* Soad M. Abu El-Souod Ahmed Fathy El-Marhomy Botany Department, Microbiology section, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt * Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt ARTICLE CODE: 23.02.15 INTRODUCTION: The incidence of invasive candidiasis has been increasing throughout the world in recent years, and invasive candidiasis is associated with a high mortality rate (Pfaller and Diekema, 2010). The incidence of infection caused by Candida spp . has increased steadily over the last two decades, and Candida albicans remains the most common fungal pathogen isolated from clinical samples (Pfaller and Diekema, 2007). In 1995, Candida dubliniensis was previously described as being an opportunistic pathogen linked to oral candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients (Pfaller, 1995; Sullivan et al ., 1995) . The