Identification of Rice Plant Diseases Using Image Processing, Machine Learning & Deep Learning: A Review Madhu Bala 1 and Vineet Mehan 2 1,2 Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi,H.P, 174103,India Abstract Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for about more than 50% of the Indian population and rice is one of the major food grains of India. It is observed that rice plant diseases are the major contributors to reduce the production & quality of food. Identification of such diseases may improve the production quality. This paper gives an idea about different methods such as image processing, machine learning & deep learning which are used to detect deadly diseases in rice plants. Much research has been done to automate the rice plant disease detection process using images of the leaf. This manuscript has compared different rice plant disease detection methods and it is found that deep learning methods are more promising than other two methods. Keywords 1 Rice plant, image processing, machine learning, segmentation, deep learning 1. Introduction Agriculture plays an important role in the economic growth of every country and so it is necessary to ensure its development. The spread of various diseases in rice plants has increased in recent years. There is a variety of plant pathogens such as viral, bacterial, fungal and these can damage different plant parts above and below the ground[1]. However, some abiotic factors such as water, light, radiation, temperature, humidity, atmosphere, acidity, and soil also affect the growth of the plant[2]. Crop diseases are creating problems for farmers due to low output and economic losses and industrial agriculture[3]. So, it is need of the hour to detect such diseases as earliest as possible. Much research is going on in this field using various techniques like image processing, machine learning and deep learning. We have made a survey for disease detection based on these techniques and approaches to different rice plant diseases. It is observed that deep learning is giving the best results as compared to the other two methods[4]. This paper is divided into different sections: section 2 presents different types of rice diseases along with symptoms, Section 3 describes the methodology for plant disease detection. Section 4 depicts a comparative study among several related research works in rice disease detection and finally, the paper is concluded in Section 5. 2. Types of Rice Diseases Rice plant diseases can infect rice at all growth stages and at its all parts (leaf, neck and root). These are mainly caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Though there exist several rice plant diseases, based on the survey some of the most prominent diseases affecting the rice plant are listed in table 1. International Conference on Emerging Technologies: AI, IoT, and CPS for Science & Technology Applications, September 06–07, 2021, NITTTR Chandigarh, India EMAIL: madhuanand87@yahoo.com ; mehanvineet@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0003-2478-3532 ; 0000-0003-3483-0160 ©2021 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org)