Open Journal of Statistics, 2022, 12, 563-580
https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojs
ISSN Online: 2161-7198
ISSN Print: 2161-718X
DOI: 10.4236/ojs.2022.125034 Oct. 11, 2022 563 Open Journal of Statistics
Classification of Stateless People through a
Robust Nonparametric Kernel
Discriminant Function
Macdonald G. Obudho, George O. Orwa, Romanus O. Otieno, Festus A. Were
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Abstract
Statelessness is the absence of any Nationality. These include the Pemba, Shona,
Galjeel, people of Burundi and Rwanda descent, and children born in Kenya
to British Overseas Citizens after 1983. Frequently, they are not only undo-
cumented but also often overlooked and not included in National Adminis-
trative Registers. Accordingly, find it hard to participate in Social and Eco-
nomic Affairs. There has been a major push by UNHCR and international
partners to “map” the size of stateless populations and their demographic pro-
file, as well as causes, potential solutions and human rights situation. One of
the requirements by the UNHCR in their push is for countries to find a po-
tential solution to statelessness which starts with classifying/associating a per-
son from these communities to a particular local community that is recog-
nized in Kenya. This paper addresses this problem by adopting a Robust Non-
parametric Kernel Discriminant function to correctly classify the stateless
communities in Kenya and compare the performance of this method with the
existing techniques through their classification rates. This is because Non-
parametric functions have proven to be more robust and useful especially
when there exists auxiliary information which can be used to increase preci-
sion. The findings from this paper indicate that Nonparametric discriminant
classifiers provide a good classification method for classifying the stateless
communities in Kenya. This is because they exhibit lower classification rates
compared to the parametric methods such as Linear and Quadratic discrimi-
nant functions. In addition, the finding shows that based on certain similari-
ties in characteristics that exist in these communities that surround the Pem-
ba Community, the Pemba community can be classified as Giriama or Rabai
in which they seem to have a strong link. In this regard, the study recom-
mends the use of the Kernel discriminant classifiers in classifying the stateless
persons and that the Government of Kenya consider integrating/recognizing
How to cite this paper: Obudho, M.G.,
Orwa, G.O., Otieno, R.O. and Were, F.A.
(2022) Classification of Stateless People
through a Robust Nonparametric Kernel
Discriminant Function. Open Journal of
Statistics, 12, 563-580.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ojs.2022.125034
Received: June 7, 2022
Accepted: October 8, 2022
Published: October 11, 2022
Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access