1 3 J IRAN CHEM SOC DOI 10.1007/s13738-017-1069-1 ORIGINAL PAPER Efficient synthesis of new pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives via a one-pot four-component reaction Sharmin Irani 1 · Malek Taher Maghsoodlou 1 · Nourallah Hazeri 1 Received: 18 December 2016 / Accepted: 3 February 2017 © Iranian Chemical Society 2017 such as antimicrobial [13], anti-inflammatory [14], anticon- vulsant [15] and anti-HIV [16]. Moreover, polysubstituted pyran and pyran-annulated heterocycles serve as versatile intermediates in organic synthesis [17–19], medicinal [20, 21] and agrochemical industries [22]. Therefore, the devel- opment of efficient and mild alternatives for the divergent synthesis of these compounds is an active research area [23–26]. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic skeletons are ubiqui- tous structural motif, and they are found as key elements of numerous drugs, pharmaceuticals and biologically func- tional molecules [27, 28]. Moreover, they can act as bio- mimetic and active pharmacophores [29–31]. Due to these properties, it is not surprising that this class of compounds has been attention by chemists, and a range of methods have been reported for their synthesis [32–35]. Among this pleth- ora of compounds, pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives are one of the most important skeletons that are shown that they have various pharmacological activities such as anti- bronchitic [36], antimicrobial [37] and antitumor [38, 39]. Because of the above-mentioned applications, several meth- ods have been reported for their synthesis [40–47]. In con- tinue of our research on multicomponent reactions [48–52], herein we present efficient synthesis of new pyrano[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives via a one-pot four-component reac- tion between benzaldehydes, N,N-dimethyl barbituric acid, 4-hydroxycoumarin and piperidine (Scheme 1). Experimental Materials and methods Melting points and IR spectra of all the compounds were measured on an Electro thermal 9100 apparatus and Abstract This paper reports an efficient method for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives via a one- pot four-component reaction between N,N-dimethyl barbi- turic acid, piperidine, aldehydes and 4-hydroxycoumarin. Mild reaction condition, easy purification and good yields are the main feature of this synthesis. Keywords 4-Hydroxycoumarin · Four-component reaction · Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine Introduction Among the currently used strategies to find the new biolog- ically active heterocyclic compounds, one-pot multicom- ponent reactions (MCRs) are used to provide maximum structural complexity and diversity with a minimum num- ber of synthetic steps [1–5]. These types of reactions allow the creation of several bonds in a single operation and offer remarkable advantages such as convergence, operational simplicity, facile automation, reduction in the number of workups, extraction and purification processes and hence minimized waste generation rendering the transformations green [6–8]. Pyrans scaffolds represent important classes of hetero- cycles, which has been widely found in a large number of bioactive molecules and natural products [9–12]. They show a broad spectrum of significant biological activities, * Malek Taher Maghsoodlou mt_maghsoodlou@yahoo.com; mt_maghsoodlou@chem.usb. ac.ir 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P. O. Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran