35 Page 35-43 © MAT Journals 2019. All Rights Reserved Trends in Pharmaceuticals and Nanotechnology Volume 1 Issue 1 Anticoagulant Activity of Ethanolic Extract Stingging Nettle from Biak Numfor Eva Susanty Simaremare 1* , Rizqa Fauziyah Fadhilah 1 , Elsye Gunawan 1 , Yuliana Yabansabra 2 , Elizabeth Holle 2 1 Faculty,Pharmacy Departement, Kampwalker Street, Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura, Indonesia 2 Faculty, Chemistry Departement, Kampwalker Street, Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura, Indonesia *Email: eva_smare@yahoo.com DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2607615 Abstract Stinging nettle (Laportea aestuans (Linn) Chew) have been used empirically as relieving pain such as stiffness, headache, abdominal pain, muscle aches, joints and bruises. The aims of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of stinging nettle leaf as an anticoagulant that used human blood (A, B, O and AB) using Lee-white method and blood smear. The stinging nettle leaf samples were taken from Biak Numfor, made simplicia, and macerated by 96% ethanol. The anticoagulant activity of ethanol extract was tested with preliminary of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm. Then test was followed by anticoagulant activity by Lee White method and eustek method (blood smear). The results showed that in the preliminary test the minimum concentration of extracts of 45 ppm was observed for 120 minutes. Extracts Laportea aestuans have anticoagulant activity against various human blood groups as well as positive controls of EDTA. Both of them can bind calcium that the blood clotting factors so blood did not freeze. Blood clotting activity by eustek method showed that the extract of Laportea aestuans seen in the microscopic blood cells did not freeze because the unrelated blood cells were intact and separated from each other. Keywords: Stinging nettle (Laportea aestuans (Linn) Chew), Anticoagulan, Papua INTRODUCTION Anticoagulants are substances that are used to prevent blood clots that are commonly used in clinics and in laboratories [1] by inhibiting the function of several blood clotting factors [2]. Anticoagulants are needed to prevent the formation, expansion of thrombus with emboli and to prevent blood clots in vitro from laboratory tests or transfusions. From several studies regarding the effects of anticoagulants showed that anticoagulant effects derived from secondary metabolites of flavonoids [3], essential oils, and terpenoids. Epidemiological studies showed that compounds which function as platelet modulation are flavonoids [4]. There have been many empirical experiences related to the efficacy of stingging nettle leaves. It has been known that one of the properties of the leaves can stimulate blood circulation because the leaves contain flavonoids which have an effect as anticoagulants. Stingging nettle leaves are widespread in Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku, Papua, and Papua New Guinea forests. In addition this plant is cultivated in India and Java [5]. Stingging nettle leaves are used by the people of Maluku, Papua and Papua New Guinea to threats various health complaints such as pain, stiffness, headaches, stomach aches, muscle - joint pain, and bruises [6]. These effect comes from the formic acid which in contained in "trichoma or thorn" gland found on the leaf surface. When the thorns hit the body, the acid of the gland ant is released and affects the occurrence of the body's pores. Widening of these pores that