Research Article Open Access Chauhan and Mittu., J Chromatogr Sep Tech 2015, 6:3 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7064.1000269 Research Article Open Access Chromatography Separation Techniques J o u r n a l o f C h r o m a t o g r a p h y & S e p a r a t i o n T e c h n i q u e s ISSN: 2157-7064 Volume 6 • Issue 3 • 1000269 J Chromatogr Sep Tech ISSN: 2157-7064 JCGST, an open access journal Phyto-Chemical Screening and Anti Listerial Activity of Annona Muricata (L) Leaf Extract Chauhan A* and Mittu B National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, Punjab, India *Corresponding author: Chauhan A, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, Punjab, India, Tel: 91-9464616773; E-mail: aashishchauhan26@gmail.com Received March 23, 2015; Accepted March 26, 2015; Published March 31, 2015 Citation: Chauhan A, Mittu B, et al. (2015) Phyto-Chemical Screening and Anti Listerial Activity of Annona Muricata (L) Leaf Extract. J Chromatogr Sep Tech 6: 269. doi:10.4172/2157-7064.1000269 Copyright: © 2015 Chauhan A, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Annona muricata is a potent medicinal plant with wide range of therapeutic activity. Various parts of this plant have immense benefcial and curative properties. The phyto-chemical screening of the leaf extract was performed using aqueous and methanolic extracts that showed the presence of all major primary and secondary metabolites and anti-oxidant trait. The aqueous extract was then subjected to anti listerial activity that showed signifcant results. Keywords: Annona muricata; Anti-oxidant; Secondary metabolites Introduction Bio-prospecting is the systematic scientifc tool for the search of genes, natural bio-active compound that has the potential for the product development by biological observation and bio-physical, bio- chemical and genetic methods, without disruption to nature. Most of the bio-prospecting is performed on a small scale by numerous academic and research groups throughout the world. It has helped to explore various plants of immense use to mankind. Natural remedies from medicinal plants are found to be safe and efective. Many plant species have been used locally as medicine to treat various ailments. Bio-active compounds from plants continue to play a major role in primary health care as therapeutic remedies in many developing countries. According to the WHO survey, 80% population depends upon the traditional medicines for primary health care needs. It suggested in improving the technologies for cultivation of medicinal plants. It has been reported that there has been an alarming increase in number of diseases and disorders caused by synthetic drugs prompting a switch over to traditional herbal medicine [1-5]. Annona muricata L. (Soursop) is a naturally occurring plant, traditionally used to treat various ailments including cancer. It belongs to the family Annonaceae and is widely distributed in India and Central America. Fruits of Annona muricata, also known as Graviola in South America are taken internally for worms, parasites, fever, increase mother’s milk production afer child birth and as an astringent for diarrhoea and dysentery. Te plant is also reported to have good antioxidant property. Furthermore, the leaves of the plant are found to be anti-spasmodic, hypotensive and are rich in annonaceous acetogenins. Tese leaves are traditionally used to prevent and treat arthritis, asthma, bronchitis biliary disorder, diabetic, heart diseases, hypertension, worm disease, liver disorder, malaria, rheumatism, sedative, tumor, and cancer. Te leaves are also used for the treatment of several types of diseases caused by bacteria such as pneumonia, diarrhea, urinary tract infection, and other kinds of skin diseases. Tis plant has numerous benefts for human life due to high nutrient value. In the food industry soursop can be processed into jam, fruit juice, syrup. Soursop leaves contain favonoid, tannin, alcaloid, saponin, calcium, phosphor, carbohydrate, vitamin A, B and C, phytosterol, calcium oxalate etc. Plant and plant-derived compounds are alternative sources for treating microbial infections. Various other plants from this family have also been reported for their cytotoxic potential [6-13]. Keeping in view its promising therapeutic potential, the leaf was used for phyto-chemical screening, anti-oxidant properties and using the extract to explore its anti listerial properties. Materials and Methods Sample collection and extraction Plant sample (Annona muricata) was collected from Agricultural College and Research Institute Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. Te plant was washed thoroughly in tap water. Te leaf of the plant were air dried in shady place and powdered. 25 g of the powder was packed in soxhlet assembly and extracted for 16 hours by 500 ml methanol. 25 g of dried powder was macerated with 100 ml of pure distilled water in a conical fask and shaken at room temperature for 24 hours and fltered through Whatman No.1 flter paper. Te crude extracts were taken and subjected to qualitative photochemical screening and anti listerial (Figure 1). Plant Material (dry leaves were crushed) Crushed plant material in extractor Refluxed with Methanol for 32h Methanol extract distillation Recovered Crude extract Methanol Figure 1: A chart depicting the process to get the extract of the solvents from the plant material