BEHAVIOUR/TREATMENT
The treatment of binge eating disorder with cognitive behavior
therapy and other therapies: An overview and clinical
considerations
Felipe Q. da Luz
1,2
| Phillipa Hay
3
| Lucene Wisniewski
4,5
| Táki Cordás
1
|
Amanda Sainsbury
6
1
Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM),
Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine,
University of S~ ao Paulo, S~ ao Paulo, Brazil
2
Charles Perkins Centre, The Boden
Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise
& Eating Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and
Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,
NSW, Australia
3
Translational Health Research Institute,
School of Medicine, Western Sydney
University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
4
Center for Evidence Based Treatment, Shaker
Heights, OH, USA
5
Department of Psychological Sciences, Case
Western Reserve University, Cleveland,
OH, USA
6
School of Human Sciences, Faculty of
Science, The University of Western Australia,
Perth, WA, Australia
Correspondence
Felipe Q. da Luz, Institute of Psychiatry, Eating
Disorders Program (AMBULIM), Faculty of
Medicine, University of S~ ao Paulo, S~ ao Paulo,
SP, Brazil.
Email: felipe.luz@usp.br
Funding information
National Health and Medical Research Council,
Grant/Award Number: 1135897; S~ ao Paulo
Research Foundation - FAPESP, Grant/Award
Numbers: 2018/18028-2, 2019/14622-0
Summary
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a public health problem in several countries. BED is
commonly associated with comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and depression.
Notwithstanding the health problems associated with BED, evidence-based treat-
ments for BED are not widely used by healthcare professionals worldwide. Thus, we
provide an overview of the leading evidence-based psychological therapies for BED,
with the intention of informing healthcare professionals and the general community
and facilitating greater provision of treatment. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for
BED is briefly presented, focusing mainly on adaptations and stages of the cognitive
behavior therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) transdiagnostic model for eating disorders. We
also succinctly discuss the use of CBT in combination with weight management inter-
ventions or pharmacotherapy, as well as the use of interpersonal therapy and
dialectical behavior therapy for BED. We conclude that there is a variety of
evidence-based psychological therapies that can be used by a variety of healthcare
professionals (not only by psychologists) to help reduce binge eating and associated
psychopathology in people with BED. Given the high and increasing prevalence of
BED, as well as the availability of effective evidence-based treatments, we encourage
more healthcare professionals to explore up-skilling to assist people with BED.
KEYWORDS
binge eating disorder, cognitive behavior therapy, obesity, therapy
1 | INTRODUCTION
Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized in the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5) by recurrent binge
eating episodes that have occurred at least once a week for the past
3 months.
1
Binge eating episodes are defined as the ingestion of an
amount of food that is larger than most people would consume under
similar circumstances, combined with an accompanying sense of loss
of control over eating.
1
The DSM-5 criteria for BED also require that
people experience at least three of the following five features: (1) eat-
ing much more quickly than normal; (2) eating until feeling excessively
full; (3) overeating when not feeling physically hungry; (4) eating alone
because of embarrassment related to the amount of food consumed;
and (5) feeling disgusted, depressed, or very guilty after binging.
1
Abbreviations: BED, binge eating disorder; BMI, body mass index; CBT, cognitive behavior
therapy; CBT-E, cognitive behavior therapy-enhanced; DBT, dialectical behavior therapy;
DSM-5, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5; EDE, Eating Disorders
Examination; EDE-Q, Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire; FDA, United States Food
and Drug Administration; HAPIFED, a Healthy APproach to weIght management and Food in
Eating Disorders; LOCES, Loss of Control over Eating Scale; MINI, Mini International
Neuropsychiatric Interview; NICE, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Received: 27 August 2020 Revised: 13 November 2020 Accepted: 15 November 2020
DOI: 10.1111/obr.13180
Obesity Reviews. 2020;1–12. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/obr © 2020 World Obesity Federation 1