Optical Metallography with a Laser Beam:
Orientation Dependence of the Dispersed Intensity
F. Povolo,** E. Favret,* and A. Canzian*
*Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dto. de Ffsica,
Pabellfn l, Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina; ~-Comisifn Nacional de
Energfa At6mica, Dto. de Ciencia de los Materiales, Av. del Libertador 8250,
(1429) Buenos Aires, Argentina
Some observations of the surface of polycrystalline aluminum and nickel, conducted with
the use of an optical microscope illuminated with a laser beam, are reported. Oblique
incidence of the laser beam on the surface of the specimen is employed and the micro-
graphs obtained are compared with those produced under normal (white) light. As pre-
viously observed in hexagonal metals and alloys, it is shown that by illuminating with
a laser beam, it is possible to reveal grain boundaries at an earlier stage of the specimen
etching than by illuminating with white light. A study of the variation in the intensity
of the light dispersed by the surface of the specimen, under oblique illumination with
the laser beam, as a function of the angle of rotation of the specimen around an axis
perpendicular to its surface, shows that maxima and minima are present. These maxima
and minima depend on the crystalline structure and the orientation of each individual
grain in the polycrystal.
INTRODUCTION the objective of the microscope when the
lines left by the polishing (which are par-
Observations of the surface of some po- allel) are perpendicular to the trajectories
lycrystalline hexagonal metals and alloys, of the laser beam. Moreover, the lines left
conducted with the use of an optical mi- by the mechanical polishing change direc-
croscope illuminated with a laser beam, tion from one grain to the other.
have been reported recently [1]. Both nor- It is the purpose of this article to report
real and oblique incidence of the laser some new observations in cubic metals, to-
beam on the surface of the specimens were gether with a study of the orientation de-
employed, and the micrographs obtained pendence of the dispersed intensity, for
were compared with those produced oblique incidence of the laser beam on the
under normal (white) light. These obser- surface of the specimen.
vations, performed in zinc, zirconium, and
zirconium-tin, have shown that by illu-
RESULTS
minating with a laser beam at oblique in-
cidence, it is possible to reveal grain CUBIC METALS
boundaries at an earlier stage of the spec-
imen etching than by illuminating with All specimens were mechanically polished
white light. In addition, on a specimen that down to 600 emery paper. A solution with
has been polished only by mechanical 10 mL of H2SO4, 5 mL of HF, and 85 mL
means, a higher intensity was obtained in of distilled water was further used for
137
©Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc., 1991 MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION 26:137 142 (1991)
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