JURNAL PENELITIAN FARMASI HERBAL VOL. 1 NO. 1 EDITION: MEI-OKTOBER 2018 http://ejournal.delihusada.ac.id/index.php/JPFH RECEIVED: 2 AGUSTUS 2018 REVISED: 8 SEPTEMBER ACCEPTED: 09 OKTOBER 2018 6 PERBANDINGAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN LENGKUAS MERAH (ALPINIA PURPURATA K. SCHUM) DAN DAUN KUNYIT (CURCUMA DOMESTICA VAL.) TERHADAP BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI DAN STAPHYLOCOCUS AUREUS COMPARISON OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT RED GALANGAL LEAF (ALPINIA PURPURATA K. SCHUM) AND TURMIN LEAF (CURCUMA DOMESTICA VAL.) TOWARD ESCHERICHIA COLI BACTERIA AND STAPHYLOCOCUS AUREUS BACTERIA Elisa Monika Simanjuntak 1 , Nursia br Barimbing 2 , Sindy Padila 3 Departemen Kimia Farmasi, Departemen Biologi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam Jalan Sudirman No.38 Lubuk Pakam 20152 email: romaulimarbun63@gmail.com ABSTRACT Red Galangal (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) and turmeric (Curcuma Domestica Val.) plant are icluded in the Zingeberaceae family. The utilization of parts of red galangal and turmeric plants such as rhizomes can be used as medicine. The objective of research is to determine the antibacterial activity of red galangal and turmeric leaves extracts. Examination of simplicia characteristics include : macroscopic, microscopic examinations, determination of water content, determination of ash content. Phytochemical screening includes examination of classes of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins and steroids/triterpenoids. The extraction was done by maceration using 96% ethanol as solvent. The antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method to using paper discs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureusbacteria. Simplex characterization for red galangal dan turmeric were showed water level of red galangal is 4,73% and turmeric is 6,83%. Ash content of red galangal is 3,64% and turmeric is 5,45%. The results of phytochemical screening of red galangal is alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins and steroids/triterpenoids. Turmeric is alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins. The results of antibacterial activity test showed that there were antibacterial differences of leaf extract of red galangal ant turmeric leaves in which turmeric leaves were more effective against Escherichia coli and Staphyloccus aureus than red galangal. Keywords : Antibacterial, Red galangal, Turmeric, Escherichia coli, Staphlococus aureus 1. PENDAHULUAN Infeksi merupakan proses perkembangan mikroorganisme yang dapat menimbulkan cidera akibat toksin atau respon antigen- antibodi (Dorlan, 2002). Salah satui penyebab penyakit terbesar di daerah tropis, seperti Indonesia adalah infeksi, (Kuswandi et al., 2001). Salah satu bakteri gram negatif adalah Escherichia coli, bakteri ini berbentuk batang pendek, berderet seperti rantai. Bakteri ini merupakan flora normal di usus manusia yang menyebabkan Infeksi Saluran Kencing (ISK) dan diare septikemia (sepsis), luka infeksi, meningitis pada neonatus dan gastroenteritis (Syahrurachman et al., 1994; Hart and Shears, 1997; Jawetz et al., 2008). Penularan penyakit dapat terjadi melalui kontak langsung dan biasanya terjadi ditempat yang kurang bersih (Radji, 2011). Salah satu bakteri gram positif adalah Staphylococus aureus. Bakteri ini penyabab