International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 SJIF (2022): 7.942 Volume 12 Issue 4, April 2023 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY The BRICS Countries: Trends of Demographic and Economic Development B Suresh Lal Professor, Department of Economics, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana State - India lalbsuresh[at]gmail.com Abstract: This paper examines how important the BRICS countries are to the world economy as emerging market nations. Together, these countries account for 41% of the global population, 24% of the global GDP, and more than 16% of global commerce; BRICS is a significant organisation that brings together the most prominent emerging economies worldwide. Over the years, the BRICS nations have been the primary drivers of global economic development. It focussed on the two decadal (2000–2020) growth and development patterns in different demographic and economic facets. It is important to note that the BRICS group fared far better economically than industrialised nations and was not significantly impacted by the global crisis. Increased input of forces and vast ranges of population and resources were the key drivers of the group's economic growth. China benefits from having inexpensive labour and resources. India, too relies on a cheap labour force. The study analysed at a variety of factors, including demographics—fertility rate, population growth, total population, life expectancy, and workforce. Economic development—GDP, per capita income, export and import, drugs, health, information technology (IT) service expenditures, automobiles, electronics spending, and public opinion on artificial intelligence (AI). The BRICS nations might soon rival the G7 in terms of leadership as they explore different resources for economic development. Keywords: BRICS, population, economic development, automobile, artificial intelligence. 1. Introduction The BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) have been all the rage since the beginning of the millennium. The catchy term and the impressive economic performance elevated them to the status of emerging economies. Jim O’Neill (2001). On the sidelines of the G8 Outreach Conference in St. Petersburg, Russia, in July 2006, the heads of the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) nations convened for the first time. Then, after a short while, in September 2006, the group convened in New York City for the 1st BRIC Foreign Ministers' Meeting, which was held in conjunction with the UN Assembly's General Debate. Finally, the first BRIC summit was held on June 16, 2009, in Yekaterinburg, Russia, following a series of high - level conferences. BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) is the new name for the BRIC group, which was changed when South Africa was admitted as a full member during the BRIC Foreign Ministers Conference in New York in September 2010. As a result, on April 14, 2011, South Africa participated in the third BRICS Summit in Sanya, China. With 41% of the global population, 24% of the global GDP, and more than 16% of global commerce, BRICS is a significant organisation that brings together the most prominent emerging economies worldwide. Over the years, the BRICS nations have been the primary drivers of global economic development. According to World Bank statistics (2019), the BRICS countries have gathered over time to discuss crucial topics under the three pillars of political and security, economic and financial, and cultural and people - to - people contacts. Objectives 1) To study the economic development trends in BRICS countries regarding GDP growth, per capita income, exports, and imports. 2) To investigate demographic conditions among BRICS countries and 3) To examine the pharmaceutical, IT, automobile and electronic industries' growth 2. Method and Data The study explored the secondary data sources and prepared figures to show growth and development trends over two decades, i. e., 2000, 2010, and 2020. The researcher pulled data from different sources to prepare all the figures. 3. Results and Discussion This study explains and analyses various economic growth variables, development, demographic conditions, pharmaceuticals, health, expenditure on information technology (IT) services, automobiles, electronics, and opinions on artificial intelligence. Demographic Trends in BRICS Countries Fertility Rates Although the BRICS nations are grouped in terms of economic growth, each one's demographic development varies. India and South Africa were the only BRICS nations with fertility rates higher than the replacement level in 2020. (2.1 births per woman). Given that China and Russia are at a later stage of the demographic transition than the other three, and Brazil is in a more recent stage, fertility rates since 2000 reveal that fertility in these two countries has either fluctuated or stayed relatively stable. While South Africa's fertility rate is increasing far slower than Brazil's, fertility rates in India are trending in the same direction. Economic growth and demographic change are closely intertwined. For instance, when fertility rates decline, female labour force participation rises, and the average age rises, boosting productivity and making the domestic market more Paper ID: SR23410201331 DOI: 10.21275/SR23410201331 702