266 Int. J. Information Systems and Change Management, Vol. 10, No. 3, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. Investigating the employee work performance in task interdependence and ESM environment Abdul Hameed Pitafi* School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China Email: hameedpitafi@hotmail.com *Corresponding author Shamsa Kanwal School of Public Affair, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China Email: shamsa@mail.ustc.edu.cn Sadia Akhtar School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Email: sadia@mail.ustc.edu.cn Muhammad Irfan School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Email: mirfan@mail.ustc.edu.cn Abstract: This study intends to investigate how enterprise social media usage (ESM) is associated with work performance via task interdependence. Most scholars focus on the impact of ESM usage on employee’s work performance; however, researchers are unclear about the advantages of ESM usage on work performance through task structure. This research offers and tests a new comprehensive model that links the ESM usage with task interdependence. Data were gathered from 170 representatives who utilised ESM applications for daily work routines in the workplace. The moderating role of work cooperation and IT competency were also examined. The present study validates most of the proposed hypotheses and moderating effects. Findings show that work cooperation shows significant moderating effect. However, the moderating effect of IT competency shows insignificant effect. This research study also contributes to the existing literature by suggesting managers the benefits of ESM usage and illuminating its consequences on employee work performance.