Tamalika Chakraborty, Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci., 2020, 11 (SPL4), 1864-1869 OėĎČĎēĆđ AėęĎĈđĊ IēęĊėēĆęĎĔēĆđ JĔĚėēĆđ Ĕċ RĊĘĊĆėĈč Ďē PčĆėĒĆĈĊĚęĎĈĆđ SĈĎĊēĈĊĘ Published by JK Welfare & Pharmascope Foundation Journal Home Page: www.pharmascope.org/ijrps Genetic screening of autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder: A review Ranjana Shaw 1 , Tamalika Chakraborty *1 , Dipanjan Mandal 2 1 Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata-700114, West Bengal, India 2 Department of Pharmacy, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata-700114, West Bengal, India Article History: Received on: 20 Aug 2020 Revised on: 20 Sep 2020 Accepted on: 23 Sep 2020 Keywords: Autism, Human genes homologous zebraϐish, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Zebraϐish AćĘęėĆĈę Neurodevelopmental disorders are conditions that arise from aberrant encephalon magniϐication and development, are perennial, crippling illness. Autism spectrum disorder (autism) is a common neurodevelopmental dis- ability characterized by motor, social, cognitive function, stereotypies. This study aimed to investigate the genetic constitution of autism, an animal model named zebraϐish serves as an indispensable tool for this purpose. Zebraϐish is a highly gregarious species that acts as a suitable animal model system that affects convivial functions such as autism. Since transparent embryos are developed externally in zebraϐish, it enables to conduct pharmacological screens for recognition of minute molecules along with genetic manipulation, facilitated through the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technologies, enabling the screening of the developing nervous system directly, large progenies, and sub- stantial tractability. Mutational analysis of the genetic function has been used to suppress or express mutations in zebraϐish homologs of human genes for the direct expression of human genes bearing mutations cognate to a neurode- velopmental disorder. Two areas of future research are addressed through the ease and relative speed of conducting experiments in zebraϐish, which includes environmental factors contributing to disease onset, and screen- ing for novel therapeutic compounds. This study found that zebraϐish have become available for cell-based analysis and have been used for the prosper- ous modelling of autism. Continued innovations in zebraϐish genetic imple- ments will continue to make it a captivating neurological disease model. * Corresponding Author Name: Tamalika Chakraborty Phone: +91-9674932502 Email: tamalika.chakraborty@gnipst.ac.in ISSN: 0975-7538 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11iSPL4.4391 Production and Hosted by Pharmascope.org © 2020 | All rights reserved. INTRODUCTION Neurodevelopmental disorders have severe astrin- gent effects on individuals, families, and society. Autism spectrum disorder (Autism) is a widespread neurodevelopmental disorder that involves prob- lems with communication and behaviour. People with autism have trouble in communication, difϐicul- ties in expression, problems in learning, their skills might develop unevenly. Children show signs of autism usually from birth or before turning three, common symptoms range from lack of eye-to-eye contact, a limited range of interests in some subjects, continually speaking, such as repeating words, sen- sitive to some sounds, touches, smells, which seem 1864 © International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences