Short report PNEUMON Pneumon 2022;35(4):25 https://doi.org/10.18332/pne/154601 1 INTRODUCTION Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, emerging evidence from the US and the UK has revealed signifcant disparities between people belonging to ethnic/racial minorities and those of White race, with the first being at higher risk of infection, severe disease and adverse outcomes 1-4 . Additionally, several studies have shown that COVID-19 afects disproportionally the migrant population 4,5 , although relevant research is still limited. So far, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection has not been investigated in people belonging to ethnic/racial minorities in Greece. Thus, we aimed to explore the outcomes of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in a large Greek General Hospital according to their racial/ethnic origin. We hypothesized that patients ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Research suggests that racial minorities are overrepresented in the number of COVID-19 related deaths compared to people of White origin. This is the frst study to assess racial diferences in the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 positive patients, hospitalized in Greece. METHODS This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 628 COVID-19 hospitalized patients, from 10 September to 31 December 2020. We compared data concerning gender, age, comorbidities and outcome, between patients of European and non-European origin. Moreover, we applied logistic regression in which the outcome, in our case in-hospital death, was assessed with race, age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score. RESULTS In the frst and unadjusted race-only logistic regression model, non- Europeans (OR=0.057; 95% CI: 0.008–0.411, p=0.005) were less likely than European patients to die in the hospital. However, controlling for sex, age and CCI score resulted in non-signifcant diferences. CONCLUSIONS There are a lot of statistically signifcant diferences between European and non-European COVID-19 hospitalized patients regarding their clinical characteristics, with the second presenting a lower hospital mortality rate, but afer adjusting for age, sex and CCI score, race seems to be not signifcant. Published by European Publishing. © 2022 Alexandrou M. et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) Outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients belonging to ethnic/racial minorities in Greece Michaella Alexandrou 1,2 , Stavroula Daskalopoulou 1,3 , Anna-Louiza Haliassou 1,4 , Elefheria Kranidioti 1,5 , Evangelia Margellou 1,6 , Andreas Panagopoulos 1,5 , Eleni Papageorgiou 1,6 , Artemis Rodopoulou 1 , Georgia Stavropoulou 1,7 , Apostolos Pappas 1,6 , Ioannis Kalomenidis 1,6 AFFILIATION 1 COVID-19 Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece 2 1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonar Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece 3 5th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece 4 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece 5 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece 6 1st Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece 7 Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece CORRESPONDENCE TO Michaella Alexandrou. COVID-19 Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Evangelismos Hospital, Ipsilantou 45-47, 10676, Athens, Greece. E-mail: alexmichaella@yahoo.gr ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 9549-0748 KEYWORDS Greece, race, immigrants, COVID-19, SARS- CoV-2, mortality Received: 29 April 2022 Revised: 6 September 2022 Accepted: 15 September 2022