Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews eISSN: 2395-6518, Vol 9, No 2, 2021, pp 540-548 https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.9413 540|https://giapjournals.com/hssr/index © Nawaz et al. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON JOB SATISFACTION OF NURSES WORKING IN RURAL AREAS OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN Iqra Nawaz 1* , Ashfaq Ahmed Maan 2 , Izhar Ahmad Khan 3 , Babar Shahbaz 4 1* Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 2 Retired Professor of Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 3 Associate Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 4 Associate Professor, Department of Agri Extension and Rural Development, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Email: 1* iqranawaz21@gmail.com, 2 ashfaqmaan@gmail.com, 3 izhark99@gmail.com, 4 bsuaf@yahoo.com Article History: Received on 12 th March 2021, Revised on 28 th April 2021, Published on 29 th April 2021 Abstract Purpose of the study: The current study has explored the effect of different dimensions of organizational culture on the job satisfaction of nurses working in the rural areas of Punjab, Pakistan. Methodology: Present study used a cross-sectional, face-to-face approach. The researcher collected data from 452 nurses working at tehsil headquarter hospitals and rural health centres across Punjab with the help of an interview schedule. The effect of culture on the job satisfaction level of nurses Investigated with the help of Multiple regression techniques. Main Findings: The analysis showed a 52% variation in job satisfaction because of the culture. Values and belief systems, feedback systems, innovation, growth and development opportunities, relationship patterns, autonomy, work environment were the significant determinants of job satisfaction. Whereas the facilities, communication, and vision were the nonsignificant determinants of job satisfaction in the present study. Application of this study: The current research will be helpful to understand the prevailing culture of health care organizations. That will help the administrators and policymakers to understand the different factors which are responsible for low productivity. Novelty /originality of this study: The study is novel in organizational studies because it adopts a holistic approach to consider all the significant components of culture. Keywords: Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction, Rural Health Centres, Tehsil-headquarter Hospitals. INTRODUCTION Pakistan is a developing country with minimal budgetary allocation for the health care system. 63.1% of the population lives in rural areas (Population Census, 2017) . After the Alma-Ata declaration in 1978, Pakistan has started to expand its health care facilities to rural areas. Poverty, increasing burden of diseases, lack of quality health care facilities, and a population with a rich number of youngsters and older people are the challenges the health care system must face. Furthermore, the health care system also must face the issue of brain drain. Health care facilities have expanded many folds. But this expansion of services undermines many vital aspects of planning, management, and development of human resources. Pakistan is among the list of 57 countries facing the human resource crisis in health care services. Most of the health care service providers preferred to serve in urban areas. Currently, for 3,626 people, there is one nurse (WHO, 2011 ). Human resources are significant to pursue the organization's goals. Nurses are the backbone of the health care system. Globally the focus is shifting from secondary (treatment) health care to primary. Nurses could be an essential part of this critical health care workforce. Educated and well-trained nurses can serve the best alternate to doctors in rural areas. WHO (2011) acknowledged that job satisfaction and motivation at the workplace are critical factors. These factors reduce turnover intentions. It is necessary to understand such factors. Job dissatisfaction has drastic impacts on employees like high turnover, low productivity. The environment in which employees performed plays a significant role in the satisfaction of the employees. The system of shared values, beliefs, and norms made the culture and affect the thinking of the employees that how they will behave and feel within that organization (Schein, 2004) . The culture of an organization holds power to increase the productivity of its employees, levels of their satisfaction with their profession and provide its members with confidence that they can solve their problems at the workplace. The culture of an organization can be used as an instrument to provide direction. It helps to understand the problems and events of the organization. That will ensure a sense of order among its members. Job satisfaction is productive for the organization in which the employee works and contributes towards the employee's physical health, longevity, and mental health (Locke, 1976) . The present study was designed to explore the role of different dimensions of culture on the job satisfaction level of nurses providing services in rural areas of Punjab, Pakistan.