The 5 th International Conference on Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology / Nanomedicine 2021 | 6 FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF JACKFRUIT LEAVES EXTRACT LOADED TRANSDERMAL FILMS Original Article DINA PERMATA WIJAYA 1* , FITRYA 1 , MELLIN VERONIKA 1 1 Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya, Ogan Hilir Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia 30862 Email: dinapermatawijaya@unsri.ac.id Received: 11 Dec 2021, Revised and Accepted: 21 Mar 2022 ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the study was the preparation and characterization of the transdermal films of jackfruit leaves extract. Methods: A transdermal film loaded jackfruit leaves extract was formulated with chitosan as polymer and used variation concentration of plasticizer are combination from sorbitol and glycerol. The formulation was evaluated organoleptic, stability, folding resistance, uniformity of weight and thickness, water vapor transmission rate, retention capacity, FTIR spectrum, and drug release test. Results: The results of the organoleptic test showed that the film was flexible, greenish-yellow in color, and had stable physical stability in the preparation. The increase in the concentration of plasticizer also had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the tensile strength test, uniformity of weight and film thickness, water vapor transmission rate, and retention capacity. The results of the FTIR test showed that there was a cross-linking interaction marked by the presence of a new peak at the wavenumber of 1556.31 cm -1 . The best penetration test results are found in formula 2 with % penetration of 31.95% and J of 18.08 g cm -2 h- 1 . Conclusion: All three formulas of transdermal films of jackfruit leaves extract have met the requirements and F2 showed best in vitro release than F1 and F3. Keywords: Jackfruit leaves, Extract, Transdermal film, Glycerol, Sorbitol © 2022 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2022.v14s3.01 Journal homepage: https://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijap INTRODUCTION The skin is the largest multilayer organ that functions as protection and can be used for systemic and topical drug delivery because of its easy accessibility [1]. There are several conventional topical dosage forms such as creams, gels, and ointments that are commonly used. However, these preparations have several drawbacks, including an unattractive appearance and do not guarantee prolonged drug contact with the skin, thus requiring a repeated application, and the ointment also has an oily nature so that it can affect patient comfort [2]. Apart from that, because the skin is composed of a hydrophobic layer with the outermost layer, namely the stratum corneum in the form of keratin and dead cells that are difficult to penetrate, the delivery and penetration of drugs in conventional topical preparations have major obstacles related to their delivery and penetration. So it is necessary to develop a dosage formulation to improve aesthetic properties, compliance, patient outcomes, and improve the penetration process. One of the developments of these innovative preparations is transdermal films [3]. The transdermal film itself must have appropriate characteristics and high stability. Transdermal films must have durable, flexible, pliable, and elastic properties [4]. And easy to use without causing any trauma during replacement. Efforts to improve the mechanical properties of the transdermal film can be achieved by adding plasticizers to the transdermal film formulation [5]. The plasticizer is one of the important excipients in film formulations, which, when added to other materials, can change the physical properties of the material. The addition of plasticizers can reduce intermolecular hydrogen bonds between polymers or intermolecular strength (overcome the brittle nature of the film), increase film flexibility, play a role in reducing the transition glass temperature (Tg) of the polymer film formed and play a role in increasing the drug release profile [2]. One of the commonly used plasticizers in the polyol group, namely sorbitol and glycerol. The use of a combination of sorbitol and glycerol can produce films with medium mechanical, viscoelastic, and water vapor permeability properties compared to the use of either one alone [6]. The combination of glycerol and sorbitol (1:1) at a concentration of 60-80% showed good film characteristics [7]. The combination of sorbitol and glycerol in a ratio of 1:1 also showed films with greater stability at nine months of storage [8]. The transdermal film itself has been widely applied in drug delivery systems with various biological activities, one of which is wound healing therapy [9]. The use of transdermal films can be aimed at second-degree healing wounds, where the wound has damaged the epidermis and has reached the upper part of the dermis. The open wound has ranked the 3rd highest proportion of types of injury in Indonesia [10]. So it is necessary to do wound care management to improve healing and reduce the risk of infection in open wounds [11]. One of the plants that can be used for this activity is jackfruit. Almost all parts of the jackfruit plant can be used as traditional medicine [12]. One of them is jackfruit leaves (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.) which can be used to treat fever, ulcers, wounds, and several types of skin diseases, especially Staphylococcus aureus as a natural pathogenic bacteria [13]. Based on the description above, in this study, jackfruit leaf extract will be used as an active substance in the formulation of transdermal preparations using sorbitol and glycerol plasticizers in a 1:1 ratio with 3 different concentrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant material The plant material used for the study was leaves of the jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.) obtained from Timbangan Village, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatera, Indonesia. The jackfruit leaves were determined at the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens Plant Conservation Center, LIPI, East Java. Chemical and reagent Chitosan with a deacetylation degree>85% was purchased from CV. Chi Multiguna, Indonesia, sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) (Sigma Aldrich, Germany), quercetin (Sigma Aldrich, Germany), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (Merck, Germany), lactic acid (Merck, Germany), glycerol (Sigma Aldrich, Germany), sorbitol (Sigma Aldrich, Germany), ethanol 96% (PT. Bratachem, Indonesia), aqua dest (PT. Bratacem, Indonesia), cellophane membrane. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ISSN- 0975-7058 Vol 14, Special Issue 3, 2022