https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798418813240 Journal of Black Psychology 2018, Vol. 44(8) 747–771 © The Author(s) 2018 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions DOI: 10.1177/0095798418813240 journals.sagepub.com/home/jbp Empirical-Qualitative Optimal Theory’s Contributions to Understanding and Surmounting Global Challenges to Humanity Linda James Myers 1 , Michelle Anderson 1 , Tania Lodge 2 , Suzette Speight 3 , and John E. Queener 3 Abstract In this article, we discuss challenges to and the triumphs of the production of psychological knowledge pertinent to human health and sustainable well- being, particularly as it relates to persons acknowledging African ancestry in hostile sociohistorical contexts. Primary attention will be paid to the advancement of the theory of optimal psychology, also known as optimal conceptual theory (OCT), a theory of human development culturally grounded in the wisdom tradition of African deep thought, identifiable from ancient civilization to contemporary times. The intention is to accomplish four aims: (a) present an overview based on one theoretical framework and practice of progress achieved in fulfillment of the Association of Black Psychologists mission, (b) provide an example of great successes employing OCT and belief systems analysis in a clinical practice for over 20 years, (c) share a small sampling of areas in the psychological and broader literature illustrating how OCT has been utilized, and (d) highlight areas of advancement 1 The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA 2 Minority Behavioral Health Group, Akron, OH, USA 3 University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA Corresponding Author: Linda James Myers, African American and African Studies Community Extension Center, The Ohio State University, 905 Mount Vernon Avenue, Columbus, OH 43203, USA. Email: myers.19@osu.edu 813240JBP XX X 10.1177/0095798418813240Journal of Black PsychologyJames Myers et al. research-article 2018