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Chapter 14
INTRODUCTION
Content adaptation is the process of automatically
modify the characteristics of the learning object
educational contents, in order to enhance the
user experience, considering her/his interests and
specific mobile device. User adaptation implies
a learner model and a personalization process in
order to select and present to the learner contents
appropriates to her current interests. In the other
hand, the number and variety of mobile devices
characteristics, makes very common to vary the
details of format of images, image sizes, or bit-
rate of media when delivering content to mobile
Sergio Castillo
Universidad de las Américas Puebla, México
Gerardo Ayala
Universidad de las Américas Puebla, México
Content Adaptation in Mobile
Learning Environments
ABSTRACT
In this paper, the authors present their proposal for adaptation of educational contents of learning objects
to a particular mobile device and a specifc learner. Content adaptation in mobile learning objects implies
user adaptation and device adaptation, and requires additional metadata categories in comparison with
SCORM 2004. This learning object content model, ALMA (A Learning content Model Adaptation), inherits
from the SCORM standard a subset of metadata categories, and extends it with three top level metadata
categories for content adaptation, i.e., Knowledge, Use, and Mobile Device Requirements (Castillo &
Ayala, 2008). For user adaptation, the authors developed NORIKO (NOn-monotonic Reasoning for
Intelligent Knowledge awareness and recommendations On the move), a belief system based on DLV, a
programming system based on Answer Set Programming paradigm. For device adaptation the authors
designed CARIME (Content Adapter of Resources In Mobile learning Environments), which uses trans-
coding and transrating to adapt media content to suit the device characteristics.
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-1791-9.ch014