Vol 9, Issue 3, 2021 ISSN - 2321-4406 STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON IMMUNE CELLS ACTIVITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK IN EL-OUED (ALGERIA) WOMEN IKRAM ACHCHI 1 , SAMIR DEROUICHE 1,2 * 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, El-Oued University, El Oued 39000, El Oued, Algeria. 2 Laboratory of Biodiversity and Application of Biotechnology in the Agricultural Field, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of El Oued, El-Oued 39000, Algeria. Email: dersamebio@gmail.com Received: 22 February 2021, Revised and Accepted: 16 March 2021 ABSTRACT Objective: This study was conducted to find out the effect of obesity on immune cells activity and some biochemical markers in women. Methods: The experimentation is carried out on 30 voluntary individuals were divided into two groups; 15 women with obesity (Body Mass Index [BMI]>30) were selected, On the other hand, we took 15 witnesses (BMI<30). All the volunteers were subjected to estimate the lipid profile, biochemical, and hematological parameters. Results: Results obtained show that there was a significant increase of blood glucose (p<0.05), triglyceride (p<0.05) and uric acid (p<0.001) and no significant change of other biochemical markers in obese people’s group when compared to the control subjects. In addition, the hematological results demonstrated that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) of lymphocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume levels (p<0.01) in women with obesity compared to the controls. Conclusion: Our study reveals that the obesity may be induce the sever alteration in lipid profile which cause the cardiovascular risk for this population. In addition, the obesity causes a remarkable change in some biochemical markers and blood constituent’s anemia or other metabolic disorder in the body. Keywords: Obesity, Immune cells, Biochemical markers, Women. INTRODUCTION “Globesity” is a word used by the World Health Organization (WHO) to describe the global epidemic of overweight and obesity, this latter considered like one of the most important health problems in the many countries [1]. Obesity is the convergence of environmental, genetic, and human behavior factors, and it may also be the result of an energy imbalance in the body [2]. Where the degrees of obesity appear on the person if body mass index (BMI) >30, this indicator is calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the square of the height in meters [3]. Obesity and overweight have been linked to various health disorders, including breast cancer [4]. Furthermore, the latest studies related to Coronavirus disease-19 have shown that diabetes is a major risk factor for developing disease symptoms in this group [5]. Hebce, obesity has a share in the evolution of the virus and also considered like cause of cancer, this latter is the second cause of death in the world after cardiovascular disease [6] and because it occurs with depression frequently [7]. It is also considered alongside metabolic diseases, diabetes, and all conditions that are characterized by abdominal fat, are well-recognized risk factors for sexual dysfunction in both sexes [8]. The number of people in the world who are obese or overweight is estimated at more than 2.1 billion, which is considered one of the most important causes of death in the world, with an annual rate of more than 3.4 million deaths [9]. We can take some possible controls for obesity such as: Physical activity, A reduction in food intake alone is seldom effective in reduce of weight, and unless accompanied by some daily physical activities to increase energy expenditure [10]. Furthermore, the role of aqueous plant extract of P. olercea was reached 3 years before the current time, in reducing the levels of fat and sugar in the blood that is why it plays an important role against the development of obesity [11]. The many effects of obesity on human health prompted us to complete a study that aimed at evaluate the effect of obesity on immune cells activity and some biochemical parameter in women of El- Oued region. METHODS Ethical clearance Ethical approval was requested and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of El Oued. Study subject The study was conducted on 30 volunteers, whose ages ranged from 26 to 63 years. It is divided into two groups that correspond in the age, 15 of them are obese women (BMI >30) their mean age is 44.07±12.52 years old. On the other hand, there are 15 other women who are not obese (BMI<30 their mean age is 44.00±12.03 years old. All the volunteers (control and patients) in this study live in the El Oued area located in the southeast of Algeria. Inclusion and exclusion criteria About inclusion criteria for obesity, we chose women who were apparently obese and then confirmed this by calculating the BMI. Women who have a BMI >30 were organized for the study. This means that we selected women with a BMI of <30 and outwardly healthy as controls, between 16.66 and 27.18. In our study, we excluded pregnant women or women with chronic diseases. Laboratory investigations Blood samples were collected and placed into containing tubes. Blood was transferred into EDTA tubes for hematological markers and the Research Article © 2021 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijms.2021v9i3.41189. Journal homepage: https://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijms