Citation: Bhuiyan, K.H.; Jahan, I.; Zayed, N.M.; Islam, K.M.A.; Suyaiya, S.; Tkachenko, O.; Nitsenko, V. Smart Tourism Ecosystem: A New Dimension toward Sustainable Value Co-Creation. Sustainability 2022, 14, 15043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su142215043 Academic Editor: Gang Liu Received: 16 September 2022 Accepted: 11 November 2022 Published: 14 November 2022 Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affil- iations. Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). sustainability Review Smart Tourism Ecosystem: A New Dimension toward Sustainable Value Co-Creation Kamrul Hasan Bhuiyan 1 , Israt Jahan 2 , Nurul Mohammad Zayed 3 , Khan Mohammad Anwarul Islam 4 , Sayma Suyaiya 5 , Olena Tkachenko 6 and Vitalii Nitsenko 7,8, * 1 Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, National University, Gazipur 1704, Bangladesh 2 Department of Marketing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh 3 Department of Business Administration, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh 4 Department of Business Administration, The Millennium University, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh 5 Department of General Educational Development, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh 6 Department of Economic Theory, Kyiv National Economics University Named after Vadym Hetman, 03057 Kyiv, Ukraine 7 Department of Entrepreneurship and Marketing, Institute of Economics and Management, Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical Oil and Gas University, 76019 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine 8 SCIRE Foundation, 00867 Warsaw, Poland * Correspondence: vitaliinitsenko@onu.edu.ua; Tel.: +380-939983073 Abstract: Changes in information technology have a great influence on people’s preferences and lifestyles. Smart devices and technologies have taken the conventional way of traveling into a smart tourism system. The aim of this paper is to examine smart tourism, the integration of different activities of different tourism service providers, and their interactions with tourists. It also finds out the smart tourism tools, how they are being used by different actors, how the tourist and the network perceived and interact with them for making up a smart tourism ecosystem, and finally how they create the sustainable value co-created services. This paper is qualitative in nature and used a holistic approach. The data were collected through interviews of 24 service providers and 50 service receivers, mainly tourists from the study area, Bangladesh. Study shows that there are three phases by which actors are communicating with each other comprising pre-service delivery, during-service delivery, and post-service delivery. Smart tourism tools are being used throughout the phases which eventually create value in co-created services with three pillars of sustainability (economic, socio-cultural and environmental). This study will contribute to the existing body of knowledge in the field of smart tourism, value co-creation, and sustainability. Keywords: smart tourism; smart ecosystem; smart experiences; sustainability; value co-creation 1. Introduction Our society is currently dominated by the evolution of information and communi- cation technologies. The technology basically includes information about the means, the action on it, and amendments to it [1–3]. The purpose of technological advancement is not only to improve services for increasing the quality of life but also to create a chain so that the delivery of services in an efficient manner can be ensured [4–9]. ICTs help to develop interactive services which help to interconnect local organizations as well as visitors for access to quick service delivery. Technology depicts a significant role in terms of endorsing tourist destinations, allocating and marketing tourism as well as assisting tourists before and during tourist’s stay in the destination [10,11]. In the context of technological ad- vancement, a new type of destination has emerged that helps to experience a new way of searching and enjoying the destination which is called a smart destination. It is important to provide smart destinations as well as opportunities for the co-creation of emotions so that tourists can experience unforgettable visits. Today’s tourists desire to be astonished by Sustainability 2022, 14, 15043. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215043 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability