Global Veterinaria 12 (5): 700-709, 2014 ISSN 1992-6197 © IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.12.05.83138 Corresponding Author: Leqaa A. Moemen, Medical Biochemistry Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt. 700 Role of Advanced Gglycation End Products (AGEs) and Obesity in Diabetic Cataract Rats Atef M. Mahmoud, Leqaa A. Moemen, Asmaa M. Mostafa, Mohamed Fayek Ghaleb, 1 1 2 3 Mohamed Y. Farrag, Margeret A. Aziz, Mona A. Abdelhamid and Nadia S. Ahmed 4 1 1 5 Medical Biochemistry Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt 1 Ophthalmology Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt 2 National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt 3 Clinical Pathology Unit, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt 4 Nutrition Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt 5 Abstract: Background: obese subjects have a more elevated degree of oxidative stress than normal as increased body fat stimu lates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Also, obesity is associated with serious morbidities including a high incidence of type 2 diabetes and cataractogenesis. Methods: in the present study the body mass index (BMI) was evaluated. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA ), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Antioxidant markers (Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced 1c glutathione (GSH). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were assayed. Also, determination of total protein and electrophoretic analysis of lens proteins were estimated in 40 rats divided into four groups of 10 animals each: control (group I); diabetic (group II) injected with a dose of 40 mg/kg by streptozotosin; high fat diet (Group III) were access to high fat diet and (Group IV) were access to a high fat diet and injected with a dose of 40 mg/kg by streptozotosin. Results: there was a statistical significant increase in FBG, HbA , MDA and AGEs levels in diabetic and HFD groups compared to control group. 1c Meanwhile, there were statistical significant decrease in GSH and SOD activities in both diabetic and HFD groups compared to control group. On the other hand, there were statistical significant decrease in TAC level and total lens proteins in diabetic groups compared to control group. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) electrophoresis showed aggregation of lens proteins in the diabetic groups compared to HFD and control groups. Conclusion: this study clarifies increased accumulation of AGEs and increased lipid peroxidation products along with impaired antioxidant status in obesity and at accelerated rate in diabetics. Proper control of hyperglycemia, blocking of AGEs pathways by AGEs-inhibitors and low fat diet may be beneficial to delay diabetic cataractogensis. Key words: Obesity Diabetic Cataract Advanced Glycation Endproducts (Ages) Oxidative Stress Antioxidants INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases Cataract is most simply defined as opacity of the defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both [3]. crystalline lens [1]. One of the prominent characteristics The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly of human and experimental cataract is a massive increase in association with the increase in obesity. Worldwide, in water insoluble protein fractions which are made up of more than 285 million people are affected by diabetes protein polymers. These polymers are characterized by mellitus. This number is expected to increase to 439 million brown coloration and fluorescence appearance in such by 2030 [4]. It is also estimated that by the year 2030, lenses, which is important for cataractogenesis [2]. Egypt will have at least 8.6 million adults with diabetes [5]. characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from