Open Access Mnaa et al., Adv Tech Biol Med 2015, 3:1 DOI: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000121 Open Access Volume 3 • Issue 1 • 1000121 Adv Tech Biol Med ISSN: 2379-1764 ATBM, an open access journal Keywords: Black berry; White Berry; Ccl 4 ; Mda; Fucosidase; Hepatotoxic Introduction Liver the largest organ in the vertebrate body is the major site of xenobiotic metabolism. Mostly, research concerned with carbon tetrachloride CCl 4 showed infection and chemical toxic induction for liver damage. Most remarkable pathological characteristics of CCl 4 are fatty liver, cirrhosis and necrosis, which have been resulted from the reactive intermediates as CCl 3 . metabolized by the function cytochrome p450 in the endoplasmic reticulum [1]. Blocking or retarding the chain reaction of oxidation is one strategy to prevent or treat oxidative stress induced hepatotoxicity. Intake of oxygen radical scavengers involved in phytochemicals may be a good defense mechanism for hepatoprotection. Whenever ameliorating the antioxidant status, especially improvement of phase II detoxifying and elevation of the antioxidant substance content surely afect on the healthy situation. Mulberry fruits under family Moraceae are widely regarded as a nutritious food and it can be eaten freshly or widely used in the production of wine, fruit juice, jam and canned food [2]. Berries as well used efectively in medical industries for treatment of sore throat, fever, hypertension and anemia [3]. Moreover, white mulberry fruit is used to protect against liver and kidney damage, strengthen the joints, improve eyesight, and have antiaging efects [4]. In a chemical comparison study, white (Morus alba L.), red (M. rubra L.) and black (M. nigra L.) mulberry fruits investigated to grow in Turkey [5]. Tey observed that black ones contain 1422 mg gallic acid equivalents and 276 mg quercetin equivalents per 100 g fresh matter. On the other hand, M. alba had the highest fat content, and ascorbic acid content. Moreover, black berry is closely linked to its protective properties against free radical attack induced by fuoride hepatotoxic metal. Tey found as well that black berry decreased the hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress of sodium fuoride (NaF) [6]. Hepatotoxicity of NaF elevated liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO), while reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity and glutathione (GPX). Tey examined the increased values of plasma transaminase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and the decreased value of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Tese efects have been induced by NaF and ameliorated by black berry juice. Common traditional word in the Middle East is saying that care is much better than cure. Sufcient evidence has demonstrated that CCl 4 intermediates deleterious efects in liver, however it is not clear exactly the defense mechanism for the edible plants. Te present study tries to discover the actions if fresh white or black berries could perform as care or cure agents against induced hepatotoxicity in rat model. Material and Methods Fresh white (Morus alba L.) and black (Morus Nigra L.) mulberry fruits were purchased from the local market (Monofa, Egypt). All *Corresponding author: Emad Shaker, Chemistry Department, Agriculture College, Minia University, Minia, Egypt, Tel: 201224157188; E-mail: eshaker10@hotmail.com Received December 11, 2014; Accepted February 10, 2015; Published February 16, 2015 Citation: Mnaa S, Aniess W, Olwy Y, Shaker E (2015) Antioxidant Activity of White (Morus alba L.) and Black (Morus nigra L.) Berries against CCl4 Hepatotoxic Agent. Adv Tech Biol Med 3: 121. doi: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000121 Copyright: © 2015 Mnaa S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Background and Aim: Our research investigates black, white and mixture of fresh berries role in liver injury caused by CCl 4 through biochemical parameters and histopathological determinations. Methods: Using berry as preventing or caring agents in comparing with treating or relieving or might curing agents against CCl 4 hepatotoxicity. Injection with CCl 4 was in the second 10 days, while preventing showed that feeding with berry on the frst 10 days and relieving was feeding with berry on the third 10 days. Results: Preventing infected rats with white berry increased weight (17%), food effciency ratio FER (6%), decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (81%), urea (25.5%) comparing to infected rat group. Risk factor in lipid profle showed improvement by preventing black, white followed by mixture berries (26-58%) compared with CCl 4 group. Preventing with black, white then mixture berry showed signifcant improvement for risk factor. Generally, optimistic data has been found for preventing black berry in malondialdehyde (MDA) and fucosidase values in the fnal stage. In the frst stage, preventing white and mixture fresh berry showed signifcant increase for antioxidant and fucosidase activity, respectively. Histopathological profles indicated that relieving black berry and protected mixture were much enhanced than protected black and relieving mixture, respectively. Conclusion: Carbon tetrachloride is showing infection and hepatotoxicity in liver diseases due to its reactive intermediates. White, black and their equal mixture in the diet of Sprague-Dawley rats showed protective and even relieving for CCl 4 toxicity. Antioxidant Activity of White (Morus alba L.) and Black (Morus nigra L.) Berries against CCl4 Hepatotoxic Agent Said Mnaa 1 , Walaa Aniess 2 , Yaser Olwy 2 and Emad Shaker 3 * 1 Nutrition Department, Specifc Education Collage, Monofa University, Monofa 2 Nutrition Department, Specifc Education Collage, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt 3 Chemistry Department, Agriculture College, Minia University, Minia, Egypt Advanced Techniques in Biology & Medicine A d v a n c e d T e c h n i q u e s i n B i o l o g y & M e d i c i n e ISSN: 2379-1764 Research Article