Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Automation 2016, 6(5A): 22-27
DOI: 10.5923/c.jmea.201601.05
Processing and Testing of Hybrid Sandwich Composites
for Vibration Damping and Mechanical Properties
Sushmita
1
, M. Rajesh
2
, Hemanth K.
2
, Ravikantha Prabhu
1
, Sharath Meloth C.
1
, Binu K. G.
1,*
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, St Joseph Engineering College, Vamanjoor, India
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, NITK, Surathkal, India
Abstract Natural fibers due to their low cost, high specific strength, recyclability, and environmental friendliness, are
finding increasing applications in automotive, aerospace, bio-medical, and sports equipment. In the present work, hybrid
sandwich composites using Jute and Glass fibers in Polyester polymer, namely: Jute-Glass-Jute (JGJ) and Glass-Jute-Glass
(GJG), were prepared by curing under pressure using compression moulding technique. The prepared sandwich composites
were subjected to tensile and flexural testing. Their vibration and damping characteristics were studied using free vibration
and forced vibration test rigs. Further, the influence of using Magneto Rheological (MR) fluid on vibration damping
properties of the composite samples have also been investigated. The tensile and flexural strengths of GJG composites were
found to be higher than that of JGJ and plain jute composites. In terms of their free vibration response, JGJ composites
showed slightly higher natural frequency for first 3 modes while GJG showed better damping factors. Under forced vibration
test, the effect of MR fluid was observed to be better for JGJ composites which showed 8% higher reduction in amplitude in
comparison to GJG composites.
Keywords Natural Fibres, Hybrid sandwich composite, Modal analysis, MR fluid
1. Introduction
In the last 20 years, natural fibers have received more
attention from the materials research community worldwide.
These fibers are considered to be excellent alternatives to
synthetic fibers due to advantages such as: low cost, low
density, high strength to weight ratio, recyclability, and
better environmental performance. These enhanced
properties have led to the increased use of natural fiber
reinforced composites in the fields of aircraft, military,
home appliances, automotive or transportation, civil
infrastructure, construction, corrosion resistant equipment,
electrical gadgets, biomedical fields and sports equipment
etc.
K Senthil Kumar et al. [1] carried out experiments using
impulse hammer method to analyze the vibration and
damping characteristics of banana fiber polyester
composite(BFPC) and sisal fiber polyester composite(SFPC).
Experimental investigations showed that SFPC due to its
dispersion ability offers good mechanical bonding and hence
exhibits better mechanical strength and free vibration
properties compared to BFPC. Akash D A et al. [2]
investigated the damping factors and the mode shapes for the
* Corresponding author:
binuk@sjec.ac.in (Binu K. G.)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/jmea
Copyright © 2016 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
cantilevered rectangular symmetric plate of hybrid jute-sisal
fabric reinforced polyester composite with different fiber
orientations using FFT based spectrum analyzer. It was
found that the average damping factor obtained for
fundamental frequency of hybrid jute-sisal laminate is 1.15
times higher than that of jute laminate. Iqbal Mokhtar et al.
[3] carried out experiments to characterize the mechanical
behavior of basalt/HDPE composite under in-vitro condition.
The study indicated that the synthetic fiber (carbon)
combines well with HDPE as a composite material and gave
excellent consistent performance in mechanical testing. Also
the basalt fibre as a natural fibre showed good results and
better than E-glass fibre in overall mechanical evaluation.
1.1. Vibration and Damping
Vibration is the motion of a particle or a body or system of
connected bodies displaced from a position of equilibrium.
Most vibrations are undesirable and particularly in machines
and structures because they produce increased stresses,
energy losses, cause added wear, increase bearing loads,
induce fatigue, create passenger discomfort in vehicles, and
absorb energy from the system.
Damping is the resistance offered by a body to the motion
of a vibratory system. The resistance may be internal or
external and externally through a liquid or solid. The main
advantage of providing damping in mechanical systems is to
control the amplitude of vibration so that the failure
occurring due to resonance could be avoided. Vibration