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© 2020 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.
ESTIMATING REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION BY HARGREAVES AND
BLANEY-CRIDDLE METHODS IN HUMID SUBTROPICAL CONDITIONS
Muhammad
Hafeez
1+
Zia Ahmad Chatha
2
Alamgir Akhtar Khan
3
Allah Bakhsh
4
Abdul Basit
5
Fatima Tahira
6
1
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences
and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
2
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering,
UAF, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
3
Department of Agricultural Engineering, MNSUA, Multan, Pakistan.
4,5
Department of Botany, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
6
Department of Mathematics, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan,
Pakistan.
(+ Corresponding author)
ABSTRACT
Article History
Received: 21 January 2020
Revised: 25 February 2020
Accepted: 30 March 2020
Published: 27 April 2020
Keywords
Blaney-Criddle
Hargreaves
Humid subtropical
ETo
Islamabad
Kakul
Pakistan.
Various methods are available to predict reference evapotranspiration (ETo) but the
Penman-Monteith (PM) ETo method has been considered to be the most accurate ETo
method to determine ETo. The PM ETo method can be solved by various weather
parameters like atmospheric temperature, wind velocity, moisture content and net solar
radiations. There are many weather stations in the world that have no complete set of
weather parameters to predict ETo by applying PM ETo method. So alternative ETo
methods like Hargreaves (HG) and Blaney-Criddle (BC) ETo methods are used which
need only a fewer number of weather parameters. In this paper, two ETo methods, HG
and BC are compared with PM ETo method in humid subtropical climatic conditions of
Islamabad and Kakul (Abbottabad) weather stations. The study indicate that HG ETo
method overestimated PM ETo method by 23.78% at Islamabad weather station and
28.47% at Kakul station. The BC ETo method overestimated PM ETo method by
37.93% at Islamabad weather station and by 22.68% at Kakul weather station. The
dissimilarity of HG ETo method with PM ETo method with RMSE was 1.09 mm/day
at Islamabad weather station and 1.17 mm/day at Kakul weather station. The
dissimilarity of BC ETo method with PM ETo method has Root Mean Square Error
(RMSE) of 2.86 mm/day at Islamabad weather station and 1.48 mm/day at Kakul
weather station.
Contribution/Originality: The objective of this investigation is to compare ETo by HG and BC ETo methods
with PM ETo method in humid subtropical climatic conditions of Pakistan.
1. INTRODUCTION
The usage of high calorie and meat-intensive food consumption are estimated to approximately twice by 2050
due to increasing of population to fulfill the diet security in the next decades, significant variations in agricultural
water management are needed [1]. From January to April in 2010, a severe sacristy occur in southwest China,
which thread more than sixty million public and produced greater than 23.66 billion financial fatalities [2]. In
distinction to the increasing requirement on irrigated yield, water for agriculture has been decreased due to regular
Current Research in Agricultural Sciences
2020 Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 15-22.
ISSN(e): 2312-6418
ISSN(p): 2313-3716
DOI: 10.18488/journal.68.2020.71.15.22
© 2020 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.