JPPIPA 9(1) (2023)
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA
Journal of Research in Science Education
http://jppipa.unram.ac.id/index.php/jppipa/index
___________
How to Cite:
Susilawati, Doyan, A., Al-Qoyyim, T. M., Ap’aludin, Maemum, P. J., Ristanti, C. I., & Ariani, B. I. (2023). Synthesis of Barium M-Hexaferrite Using
Co-precipitation Method with Zn Doping Based on Natural Iron Sand at Tebing Beach, North Lombok as Microwave Absorbent Material. Jurnal
Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(1), 498-503. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i1.2935
Synthesis of Barium M-Hexaferrite Using Co-precipitation
Method with Zn Doping Based on Natural Iron Sand at Tebing
Beach, North Lombok as Microwave Absorbent Material
Susilawati
1,2*
, Aris Doyan
1,2
, Thufail Mujaddid Al-Qoyyim
1
, Ap’aludin
1
, Putri Julia Maemum
1
, Chorina
Ika Ristanti
1
, Baiq Istira Ariani
3
1
Physics Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
2
Master of Science Education, University of Mataram, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
3
Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
Received: November 26, 2022
Revised: January 24, 2023
Accepted: January 29, 2023
Published: January 31, 2023
Corresponding Author:
Susilawati
susilawatihambali@unram.ac.id
© 2023 The Authors. This open access article is
distributed under a (CC-BY License)
DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v9i1.2935
Abstract: This study aims to synthesize barium M-hexaferite using the
coprecipitation method with Zn doping based on natural iron sand at the
Tebing Beach of North Lombok as a microwave absorbent material. This
study used 3 variations of doping concentration (x), namely x = 0.000; 0.400;
and 0.800. In addition, variations in the calcination temperature were also
carried out, namely 400°C and 1100°C. After the calcination stage, the sample
is ground to obtain smaller or nano-sized particles. The results showed that
the sample has a brick red color for a temperature of 400°C and black for a
temperature of 1100°C. This shows that the higher the calcination
temperature, the darker the color of the sample.
Keywords: Barium M-hexaferrite; Co-precipitation; Iron sand; Microwaves
Introduction
Indonesia is a country with abundant natural
resources, one of which is natural iron sand (Susilawati
et al., 2021). Iron sand is a source of natural magnetic
material that can be obtained along the coastline (Elinda
et al., 2022; Rahmawati et al., 2013; Susilawati et al.,
2018). Lombok Island has a coastline of 2,333 km, this
certainly makes Lombok Island's iron sand a potential
for development, one of which is at the Tebing Beach of
North Lombok (Susilawati et al., 2018).
Iron sand has the main components of iron oxide
(Fe2O3) and silica (SiO2) (Rahmi et al., 2019) and contains
magnetic minerals such as magnetite (Fe3O4) and
hematite (a-Fe2O3) (Fatari et al., 2022). Applicatively,
natural iron sand can be used as Radar Absorbing
Material (RAM) (Fatimah et al., 2022). RAM is a
microwave absorbing material. The waves on the
RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) tool use
microwaves because they have a super high frequency.
RAM is generally applied to the field of defense and
state security. More specifically, RAM can be applied to
anti-radar aircraft or submarines so that they cannot be
detected by enemy radar (Susilawati et al., 2021).
The material being developed as a microwave
absorber is Barium M-Hexaferite (BaM) (Susilawati et
al., 2018). BaM is a complex oxide ceramic with the
chemical formula BaFe12O19. BaM is included in
ferromagnetic oxide materials with dielectric and
magnetic properties which are widely used in radio
frequency and microwave applications. Theoretically,
BaM has characteristics that qualify as an absorber,
namely having large crystalline anisotropy, high
coercivity (6700 Oe = 0.67 Tesla), relatively high Currie
temperature (450
o
C), relatively large magnetic
saturation (Ms = 78 emu /gram), good chemical stability
and resistance to corrosion (Simbolon et al., 2013), and
has a very high melting temperature of 1390°C (Pullar et