Clinical characteristics and prognostic values of 1p32.3 deletion detected through fluorescence in situ hybridization in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a single-center study in China Huanping Wang 1,2 , Haitao Meng 1,2 , Jinghan Wang 1,2 , Yinjun Lou 1,2 , Yile Zhou 1 , Peipei Lin 3 , Fenglin Li 1 , Lin Liu 1,2 , Huan Xu 1,2 , Min Yang 1,2 , Jie Jin (✉) 1,2 1 Institute of Hematology, Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China; 3 Department of Hematology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou 318000, China © Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic impact of 1p32.3 deletion in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 411 patients with newly diagnosed MM; among which, 270 received bortezomib-based therapies, and 141 received thalidomide-based therapies. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to detect six cytogenetic abnormalities, namely, del(1p32.3), gain(1q21), del(17p13), del(13q14), t(4;14), and t(11;14). Results showed that 8.3% of patients with MM were detected with del(1p32.3) and had significantly more bone marrow plasma cells (P = 0.025), higher β2-microglobulin levels (P = 0.036), and higher lactate dehydrogenase levels (P = 0.042) than those without del(1p32.3). Univariate analysis showed that patients with del(1p32.3) under thalidomide-based therapies (median PFS 11.6 vs. 31.2 months, P = 0.002; median OS 16.8 vs. 45.9 months, P < 0.001) were strongly associated with short progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.002) and overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that del(1p32.3) remained a powerful independent factor with worse PFS (P = 0.006) and OS (P = 0.016) for patients under thalidomide-based treatments. Patients with del(1p32.3) under bortezomib-based treatments tended to have short PFS and OS. In conclusion, del(1p32.3) is associated with short PFS and OS in patients with MM who received thalidomide- or bortezomib-based treatments. Keywords 1p32.3 deletion; 1q21 gain; prognosis; multiple myeloma; FISH; bortezomib; thalidomide Introduction Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized with clonal proliferation of plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM), secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin, and presence of osteolytic bone lesions. Although treatment strategies for MM have improved in the last decade, it remains an incurable disease. Genetic abnormalities are generally considered the important prognostic factors in patients with MM. Identification, characterization, and evaluation of the prognostic values of genetic abnormal- ities can contribute to individualize treatment [1,2]. A risk stratification system based on genetic indicators has been established and recommended by Mayo Clinic and International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) [3,4]. Routine evaluation factors, such as del(17p13), t(4;14), and t(14;16) as detected through fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) [5] are clearly inadequate to explain the heterogeneity of patients with MM. Therefore, many cytogenetic abnormalities should be targeted for an accurate prediction of prognosis. Deletion of 1p has been identified as a common recurrent genetic event in MM (18%–38%). Several minimally altered regions on 1p, such as 1p32.3, 1p31.3, 1p22.1–1p21.3, and 1p12, have also been determined [6]. Studies have validated these deletions as independent negative prognostic factors [7–11]. Received February 19, 2019; accepted July 23, 2019 Correspondence: Jie Jin, jiej0503@zju.edu.cn RESEARCH ARTICLE Front. Med. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-019-0712-x