August 2018 · Volume 7 · Issue 8 Page 3417
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Chanu SM et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Aug;7(8):3417-3419
www.ijrcog.org
pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789
Case Report
Successful management of total placenta previa with placenta accreta
presenting with massive obstetric hemorrhage: a case report
Sairem Mangolnganbi Chanu
1
, Biswajit Dey
2
*, Samarjit Dey
3
,
Khairul Hadi
3
, Nalini Sharma
1
, Vandana Raphael
2
INTRODUCTION
Placental disorders are disorders which occur during
attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall.
1
Placental
disorders such as placenta previa and placenta accreta are
associated with vaginal bleeding.
2
The prevalence of
these disorders is estimated to be around 0.3 %.
1
Placenta
accreta is present when there is excessive invasion during
placentation extending beyond the decidua basalis. When
the placental invasion is deep into the myometrium, this
is known as placenta increta.
When the placental penetration is along the entire
thickness of uterine wall and reaches the serosa, this is
known as placenta percreta.
1
Placental disorders also
include low-lying placenta (placental edge closest to the
cervix < 2 cm from the inner os), marginal placenta
previa (placenta extends to the edge of the cervix), partial
placenta previa (a portion of the cervix is covered by the
placenta), and total placenta previa (inner os completely
covered by the placenta).
1
Both these placental disorders,
i.e. placenta previa and placenta accreta are associated
with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and
mortality.
3
Authors report a case of total placenta previa
with placenta accreta in a 39-year-old female in the 32nd
week of pregnancy.
CASE REPORT
A 39-year-old female with gravida 2 and para 1 presented
with lower abdominal pain at 32+2 weeks of pregnancy.
She had a history of prior lower segment cesarean section
three years earlier. A diagnosis of total placenta previa
was made following examination on admission. She was
advised complete bed rest and oral magnesium sulphate.
Abdominal ultrasonography (USG) showed an intact
singleton pregnancy appropriately developed for age.
Cervical length on vaginal sonography was 35 mm
without funnelling.
The placenta covered the inner os. Ultrasonography
(USG) raised the suspicion of placenta accreta. Magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) was advised however, she
complained of massive bleeding per vaginum and was
rushed to the emergency. Her blood pressure was 70/50
ABSTRACT
Placenta previa and placenta accreta are important causes of serious fetal and maternal morbidity and even mortality
necessitating hysterectomy. We report a case of total placenta previa with accreta in a 39-year-old female in the 32+2
weeks of pregnancy with successful delivery by cesarean. However, hysterectomy was performed to control
postpartum hemorrhage.
Keywords: Hemorrhage, Hysterectomy, Placenta
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
2
Department of Pathology,
3
Department of Anesthesiology, NEIGRIHMS,
Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Received: 06 June 2018
Accepted: 29 June 2018
*Correspondence:
Dr. Biswajit Dey,
E-mail: drbish25@rediffmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20183359