Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-018-00035-3 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Robustness Analysis of LFC for Multi Area Power System integrated with SMES–TCPS by Artifcial Intelligent Technique Mandeep Sharma 1  · Raj Kumar Bansal 1  · Surya Prakash 2 Received: 8 April 2018 / Revised: 29 August 2018 / Accepted: 13 October 2018 © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2019 Abstract Load frequency control (LFC) plays an essential role in a power system (PS) to sustain the grid frequency for the period of sudden load demand variations. Hence, this manuscript deals with the execution of adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) approach for LFC of three-area unequal thermal power system. The ANFIS controller proposed in the manuscript combines the advantages of Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) as well as rapid response and fexible nature of artifcial neural network. To improve the LFC performance, ofered controller is simulated with superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) units and Thyristor controlled phase shifter (TCPS) individually and in combination. The performance of proposed ANFIS controller is superior and robust compared to existing control schemes and improved performance is observed par- ticularly in the presence of SMES–TCPS combination. The realization of SMES & TCPS combination curtail frequency and tie power variation quickly after an unexpected load disturbance. To validate the usefulness of the proposed controller, integral time weighted absolute error (ITAE) and integral square error (ISE) performance error indices are used. Robustness of ofered controller is demonstrated against wide variation in the system parameters. Keywords Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system · Fuzzy logic · Load frequency control · Superconducting magnetic energy storage · Three area unequal thermal power system · Thyristor controlled phase shifters List of symbols TAUTPS Three area unequal thermal power system ACE Area control error LDV Load demand variation ∆F Change in frequency ∆P Tie-line Change in tie-line power i Subscript referring to area (i = 1, 2, 3) ∆P Mi Mechanical power input to power system ∆P Li Variations in load demand ∆P Gi Changes in governor power ∆P tie,i Tie line power deviation in ith area H i Equivalent inertia constant of area i T ij Synchronizing coefcient for tie-line ∆f j Frequency deviations in j th control area R i Droop characteristics of area i β i Frequency bias constant of area i D i Equivalent damping constant of area i T Gi Time constant of governor for area i T Ti Time constant of turbine for area i a 12 Participation factor between ith and jth areas 1 Introduction Power system (PS) is commonly an interconnection of many generating units and the fuctuating load, thus con- trolling them is a very difcult and challenging task [1]. To provide a stable operation in multi-area power systems (MAPS), the standout amongst the most vital requirement is load frequency control (LFC) [2]. LFC is considered as secondary level control with main objective of balancing the power generation of the PS against fuctuating load, so that the anticipated frequency and power interchange with neighbouring systems can be preserved and zero steady state error can be achieved. Diferent control strategies are * Surya Prakash sprakashgiri0571@yahoo.com Mandeep Sharma ermandeep19@gmail.com Raj Kumar Bansal bansalrajk2009@gmail.com 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Guru Kashi University, Bathinda, Punjab, India 2 Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology (Deemed to be University), Patiala, Punjab, India