~ 54 ~ International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2021; 9(4): 54-59 E-ISSN: 2347-5129 P-ISSN: 2394-0506 (ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62 (GIF) Impact Factor: 0.549 IJFAS 2021; 9(4): 54-59 © 2021 IJFAS www.fisheriesjournal.com Received: 23-04-2021 Accepted: 26-05-2021 Edilberto Rodrigues Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia and Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Cidade Universitária Prof. José Silveira Netto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Perimetral, 2651, Terra Firme, 66077-830, Belém, PA, Brazil Fabiola Machado Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia and Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Pará – UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil Rory Oliveira Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia and Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Pará – UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil Marcelo Andrade Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia and Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Pará – UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil Corresponding Author: Edilberto Rodrigues Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia and Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Cidade Universitária Prof. José Silveira Netto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Perimetral, 2651, Terra Firme, 66077-830, Belém, PA, Brazil Target fishes from subsistence fishing in a riverine community from lower Pará River, Northern Amazonia Edilberto Rodrigues, Fabiola Machado, Rory Oliveira and Marcelo Andrade DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/fish.2021.v9.i4a.2523 Abstract The goal of the present study was to realize an inventory of target fish of the subsistence fishery from Genipaúba Village, Santa Bárbara do Pará, Brazil. The inventory was carried out during local fisheries throughout the main river between March and April 2018. The collections were performed with gillnets of 25 to 40 mm of mesh size, and length variable according to fisherman. The collected specimens were preserved in 10% formaldehyde and posterior wash in running water to preservation in 70% alcohol solution. In the laboratory all fish were identified to the current taxonomic species level, measured in standard length (cm), and in total weight (g), then cataloged in the fish collection of the Aquatic Ecology Group at Federal University of Pará (GEA-UFPA). Overall 19 fish species belonging to 13 families and five taxonomic orders were recorded. Most individuals were represented by species (family), the South American silver croaker Plagioscion squamosissimus (Sciaenidae), Yellowfin river pellona Pellona flavipinnis (Pristigasteridae), Mapará Hypophthalmus marginatus (Pimelodidae), Driftwood catfish Trachelyopterus galeatus (Auchenipteridae). Some important species for commercial trade were recorded as well, such as the Goliath catfish Brachyplatystoma filamentosum (Pimelodidae) and the Common snook Centropomus undecimalis (Centropomidae). In spite of the collections consisting of few species, the study is the first inventory of the most common fish species used by riverines from Pará River for subsistence. Keywords: Neotropical region, taxonomic inventory, icthyofauna, fisherman Introduction Small and/or large scale fishing has a huge influence in the economic activities in the Amazon region [1] . Initially, this fishing was focused on the livelihood of riverside families and over time the focus has shifted to the consumer market [2, 3, 4] . In particular, in the Amazonian region, the fishery stands out in relation to the other Brazilian regions, due to greater diversity of exploited species, the highest fishery yield, just like in dependence of the traditional population on this activity [5, 6, 7] . The target of this fishery is fish for the subsistence of the riverside communities, where it is usually characterized by the participation of few fishermen who use few kinds of fishing gear such as gillnets and/or castnets, mainly due to its easy handling and maintenance [8-42] . Whether for subsistence or fish trade, fishermen generally use small boats due to the easy navigation into small stretches of river, lowland areas and other habitats of difficult access, but the small boats make limited productions [9] . The impediment of small storage, the cheap fish are sold at very low cost to make it easy to sell or discarded in order to store species with greater commercial value only [10] . Additionally, the fish surplus is traded, which is the main actor in this process is the “middlemen” (“atravessadores” in Portuguese) who mediate the sale seeking the markets of urban centers [11, 12] . In addition to fishing aimed for protein consumption in the Amazon, ornamental fishing stands out, which is a modality focused on capturing small fish species destined for aquariums [13,14] . In some regions it is exclusively artisanal, developed by the traditional knowledge of fishermen called “piabeiros” [ 15] . Among the consumer markets such as Japan, USA, and Germany stand out [16, 17] . However, the target species of this type of fishery have high mortality rates, due to stress of capture, management and conservation until the final destination, so the capture is characterized by high abundances.