Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 17 (4): 481-494, 2013
ISSN 1990-9233
© IDOSI Publications, 2013
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.17.04.11950
Corresponding Author: Shahab Alam Malik, Department of Management Sciences,
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT) Islamabad, Pakistan.
481
Predicting Employees Turnover in
Telecom Mobile Communication Call Centers of Pakistan
Shahab Alam Malik, Nabeela Bashir, Muhammad Majid Khan and Shujah Alam Malik
1 1 1 2
Department of Management Sciences,
1
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan
Faculty of Management and Human Resource Development,
2
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johar Bahru, Malaysia
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether call centers work design and structure contributes
to raise stress, job dissatisfaction and reduction in organizational commitment amongst client service
representatives (CSRs). It was further aimed to prove that employees’ intention to quit or stay is affected by
perceived organizational commitments, job satisfaction, stress and supervisory support along with the selection
of other variables such as self-esteem, stressors and intention to quit. A model used in retail stores and call
center environment earlier is replicated here using same survey instrument. Data were collected from a total of
ten call centers operating in vicinity of cities of Islamabad, Rawalpindi and Lahore. Total 445 questionnaires
were distributed among CSRs and 348 usable questionnaires were used for data analyses. Although the model
was supported but the interactions among the variables differed, particularly, organizational stressors and
stress played a bigger direct role in employee intention to quit.
Key words:Call centers Stress Job satisfaction Employee turnover Customer service representative
(CSRs) Organizational commitment
INTRODUCTION The task of CSRs is to connect with their
Call centers are the organizations that are specialized computer system [4].
in those activities in which computer utilizing employees According to Wegge et al., [4], CSRs face three types
receive inbound, or make outbound telephone calls of challenges which result in role stress and finally make
and those calls are processed and controlled both by them quit the organization. First, the general work of a call
an Automatic Call Distribution (ACD) and through center in accordance with working situations, working
predictive dialing system [1]. According to Strandberg hours, shifts of working, attitudes and issues related with
and Wahlberg [2], call centers are the organizations which computer and high degree of unpleasant sounds. Second,
are specialized in maintaining the relations of their there are several consumers’ demands which need proper
customer/client with the use of telephone, information and attention that are linked to the CSRs job itself which the
communication (ICT) technology. CSR have to instantaneously listen and to speak to
Call centers have become a basic business customers for handling their problems, put data into
requirement for customer support, services and marketing computers and read the data from computer screen.
for the businesses. Call centers personnel are referred as Finally, call centers job is allied with several forms of
a customer service representatives (CSRs) and for many emotional exhaustion. The CSRs perform a key role in
organizations they become the employees having the building up of strong relationships with their customers.
most direct knowledge of customers and are a direct point As a result the mode in which CSRs exhibit their feelings
of entry for customers [3]. As a result, most companies towards their customers has a critical influence on service
rely heavily on the services provided by the CSRs. transactions quality. For example, a CSR is required to
customers/clients by means of a unified telephone and