J Integr Sci Technol, 2014, 2(1), 13-21 .Article.
Journal of Integrated
Science and Technology
Structural analysis and dielectric characterization of Aurivillius type CaSrBi
2
Nb
2
O
9
ceramics
S. Khasa,
a
Paramjeet Singh,
b
Sujata Sanghi,
b
Navneet Singh,
b
and Ashish Agarwal
b*
aDepartment of Physics, Deenbandhu Chhoturam University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana, India-131039
b
Department of Physics, Guru Jambheshwara University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India-125001
ABSTRACT
This work describes synthesis of powdered materials belonging to the Aurivillius oxide family (Bi2O2)2+(An-
1BnO3n+1)2- for n = 2 and provides an approach for understanding the structural evolution with composition. The effect
of strontium doping on the lattice response and dielectric properties of Ca1-xSrxBi2Nb2O9 (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0) ferroelectric
ceramics is studied. The XRD studies revealed single phase formation of orthorhombic structure. The average crystallite
size was obtained in the range 22-41 nm. The dielectric properties, viz. dielectric constant, loss tangent and ac electrical
conductivity of the samples were studied by using impedance spectroscopy. A strong low frequency dielectric dispersion
was found to exist in these samples. Its occurrence was ascribed to the presence of ionized space charge carriers such as
oxygen vacancies. The relationship among doping, crystal structure, and dielectric properties were also discussed.
Measurements of the dielectric permittivity as a function of temperature reveal signs of single phase transition. The
thermal activation energy for the grain electric conductivity was lower in the high temperature region (Ea(ht) = 0.08 eV)
and higher in the low temperature region (Ea(lt) = 0.21 eV).
Keywords: Aurivillius oxide, impedance spectroscopy, electrical conductivity, solid-state reaction.
Introduction
In 1950s, Aurivillius synthesized a new series of layered
ceramics, which contained Bismuth layer as a structural
constraint. The role of bismuth layer in influencing the
electrical and ferroelectric properties of these ceramics has
been found to be crucial.
1-6
Recently, capacitors based on
layered perovskites such as CaBi
2
Nb
2
O
9
(CBNO) and metallic
electrodes, such as Pt, have generated interest because of their
negligible polarization fatigue (> 10
12
cycles), long
polarization retention, and very low leakage current.
7-12
But the
major limitations for the application of CBNO are the high
processing temperature (~800-1000
o
C) and low remnant
polarization compared to the processing temperature of 600
o
C
for PZT ceramics.
13
The high processing temperature of CBNO makes it not
easy to match the process of very-large-size-integrated circuits
(VLSI) fabrication to produce high quality non-volatile
memory. One of the approaches to solve the problem is to
lower the CBNO processing temperature and the other is to
solve the problems caused by the high processing temperature.
It has been found that the thin film of CBNO demonstrates
their excellent fatigue endurance and has a significant
influence on the ferroelectric properties.
14, 15
The grain size of
the polycrystal CBNO thin film plays an important role in
improving the CBNO capacitor ferroelectric properties. It has
been noticed that minimum ferroelectric properties are
exhibited only when the grain approach a critical size.
15
Therefore it may be a good way to achieve a higher remnant
polarization and lower processing temperature by forming
solid solutions of CBNO with another ferroelectric material,
which has higher remnant polarization, larger grain size and
lower processing temperature. Some CBNO-based solid
solutions, especially CBNO/SBTO have been studied in the
past
16
but the dielectric properties of these ceramics are yet to
be investigated experimentally.
In the present study we have prepared solid solutions of
Ca
1-x
Sr
x
Bi
2
Nb
2
O
9
ceramics (with x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0). These kind
of ceramics belong to a family of oxides with a general
formula (Bi
2
O
2
)
2+
(A
n-1
B
n
O
3n+1
)
2-
where, n = 1,2,3,4,5
representing the number of layers. The structure consists of
(Bi
2
O
2
)
2+
layers, made up of oxygen octahedral, interleaved
with perovskite like (A
n-1
B
n
O
3n+1
) layers. Modification in these
ceramics by doping to improve the properties of Aurivillius
type of ceramics has been a matter of interest. These ceramics
Received 25 July, 13
Address:
Ashish Agarwal
Department of Physics,Guru Jambheshwara University of
Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India-125001
Tel: +919416672988
Email: aagju@yahoo.com
----
Cite as: J. Integr. Sci. Technol, 2014, 2(1), 13-21
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