Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 28: 231-233, 1992.
© 1992 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.
Micropropagation note
Micropropagation of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters (Cupressaceae)
M.A. Morte ~, M. Honrubia I & A. Piqueras 2
~Plant Biology Department (Botany), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; 2CEBAS, C. S. I. C., Murcia,
Spain
Received 25 February 1991; accepted in revised form 3 October 1991
Key words: cypress, in vitro propagation, root production
Greater attention has been focused recently on
the use of Cartagena cypress (Tetraclinis ar-
ticulata (Vahl) Masters), a member of Cupres-
saceae, for reafforestation programmes in the
coastal zone of southern Spain. This is an en-
demic species from the Mediterranean forest of
Murcia (Spain) and North Africa, and is increas-
ingly important as a forestry species in South-
East Spain.
The induction of shoot proliferation from
apices or axillary buds to produce conifer multi-
ple shoots that are rooted is now recognized as a
viable technique for plant propagation. To our
knowledge there are no reports on the in vitro
propagation of this conifer. Our research was
conducted to develop practical methods for mi-
cropropagation of Cartagena cypress.
Shoot tips, approximately 0.5 cm long, were
excised from one-year-old seedlings from El
Valle tree nursery (Murcia, Spain). These initial
explants were washed under running tap water
for 30 min. Surface disinfestation procedures in-
volved 15 min agitation in 30% sodium hypo-
chlorite and 0.05% Tween 20 (1:1 , v/v) solu-
tion, followed by collective washing in 10% hy-
drogen peroxide (30%) for 5 to 8 s, and then in
80% ethanol for 10 s, three rinses of 5 min each
in sterile distilled water, light rinsing in 80%
ethanol followed by sterile distilled water, and
then transfer to basal medium.
Basal medium consisted of Schenk & Hilde-
brandt (1972) salts supplemented with myo-ino-
sitol (1000 mgl-1), thiamine-HCl (0.5 mgl-l),
nicotinic acid (5.0 mg 1-I), pyridoxine-HC1
(0.5 mg 1-1) and 3% sucrose. This medium was
selected because it appears to be the most suit-
able for culture of conifers such as Juniperus sp.
(G6mez et al. 1987). The pH was adjusted to 5.8
before autoclaving. The medium was gelled with
7 g 1-1 Panreac agar and autoclaved for 20 min at
121°C, and 103 kPa. For shoot proliferation tri-
als, 6-benzyladenine (BA) at 0.44, 2.2, 4.4, 6.7
or 8.9 ixM and kinetin at 0.46, 2.3, 4.6, 6.9 or
9.3 IxM, were added to the basal medium with or
without naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0.054,
0.27, 1.33 or 8.05 p,M. Twenty-five cultures per
treatment were grown at 25 +2°C and
40 ixmol m -2 s-1 Growlux fluorescent lighting on
a 16-h photoperiod. Experiments were repeated
three times at least.
Shoot clumps were transferred to basal
medium (minus plant growth regulators) for ap-
proximately 4 weeks to enhance shoot elongation
prior to utilization in root induction medium.
Following shoot multiplication and elongation,
shoots 15-25 mm long were transferred to root
induction medium, consisting of SH basal
medium containing NAA and/or IBA at various
concentrations. After 4 weeks in auxin treat-
ment, shoots were transferred to auxin-free SH
basal medium with different concentrations of
sucrose (1.5, 2, 3%). After 6 weeks, plantlets
with well-developed roots were potted in a peat-
perlite mixture (1:1 v/v). The plantlets were
adapted to growth chamber conditions (26-+
2°C) with a 16-h photoperiod. They were gradu-
ally exposed to reduced relative humidity by
progressively removing a plastic cover during a
period of 2 to 3 weeks. Once the acclimatization
was accomplished, the plants were transferred to
the greenhouse.
After six weeks in SH medium without growth