REVIEW OF FSCM WITH BLOCKCHAIN AND BIG DATA INTEGRATION Md. Ratul Amin Universiti Kuala Lumpur 1016, Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia md.ratul@s.unikl.edu.my Muhammad Yasar Khan Universiti Kuala Lumpur 1016, Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia muhammadyasar@s.unikl.edu.my * Megat F. Zuhairi Universiti Kuala Lumpur 1016, Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia megatfarez@unikl.edu.my * Corresponding author Abstract Distributed ledger technology is an immutable data storage and transparent system, which is a constituent component that empowers the FSCM (Food supply Chain Management). Due to the autonomous and immutable data feature, the scalability of blockchain technology is quite a challenge. A supply chain is a network that flows product from suppliers to the final consumer, which produces a high volume of data. In the blockchain, processing high volume of data is quite a significant issue and may affect business profit. To overcome the issue, Big Data and User Controllable Code for Smart Contracts (UCCSC) will be integrated with the blockchain-based FSCM system. Big data technology is typically used to analyze high volume of both structured and unstructured data, which is very difficult to process using habitual database and software techniques. The UCCSC integrates the blockchain and big data and manage the user in the FSCM system. This paper mainly discusses the integration of blockchain-based FSCM and Big Data, and the mechanism that supports such system. Keywords: FSCM, Blockchain, Smart contracts, Big data, Data science 1. Introduction Food Supply Chain Management (FSCM) is essential for both the food producer industries and consumers. Such system is designed to ensure transparency of food handling and process, leading to high quality of food production. Nonetheless, the Food Supply Chain Management (FSCM) is a lengthy process, which includes supplier, manufacturing, distributor, retailer and consumer. Each product is relayed through various stages of FSCM where information is recorded relevant to the product. In the end, every food product carries unique data along the FSCM process. The recorded data is vital because it provides feedback to the manufacturer as well as consumer about the source and the handling mechanism of the products. However, the challenges of the existing system are to sustain the integrity of information along the chain. Data tampering is one of the issues that severely affect the system [1][2]. Since 2009, immutable distributed ledger technology is gradually accepted as the transaction mechanism that could offer secure data processing with high scalability [3][4]. In general, blockchain is a chain of blocks, and the parent hash key is the key feature of the blockchain that makes the chain. The basic building blocks of the blockchain system includes parent hash key, timestamps, own hash key and transactions [5]. Nonetheless, the genesis block doesn't require the parent hash key. Secured block is provisioned by a couple of crypto-hash locks within the block, where the length of the hash key is set to minimum 256-bits [6]. The encryption mechanism can avoid unauthorized tampering with the data of the block. In addition, the timestamp is an essential tagging mechanism, which keeps the record of the time when the block is formed. The combination of block components binds the transaction data, which then allows the blockchain to keep the user record such as e-ISSN : 0976-5166 p-ISSN : 2231-3850 Md. Ratul Amin et al. / Indian Journal of Computer Science and Engineering (IJCSE) DOI : 10.21817/indjcse/2021/v12i1/211201018 Vol. 12 No. 1 Jan-Feb 2021 193