Remedy Publications LLC., | http://anncaserep.com/ Annals of Clinical Case Reports 2018 | Volume 3 | Article 1524 1 Introduction Overdevelopment of mandible was described by Robert Adams in 1836 who related it to condylar hyperplasia. Condylar hyperplasia of the mandible is an uncommon idiopathic disorder of non-neoplastic origin of the jaw characterised by increased volume of the condyle, unilaterally or bilaterally, leading to facial asymmetry, mandibular deviation, malocclusion and articular dysfunction generally without pain [1]. Hugo Obwegeser and Makek classifed condylar hyperplasia as Type 1, 2, and 3. Wolford et al developed an updated classifcation of condylar hyperplasia in 2014 [2] (Table 1). Condylar hyperplasia has an unknown etiology. Several theories exist in the literature in which one states that an event of a trauma leading to increase in number of repair mechanism and hormones in that area may lead to increase in growth of mandible on that side [3]. Another theory states that an increase in loading of Temporomandibular joint can lead to increase in expression of bone forming molecules [4]. Condylar hyperplasia predominantly afects women 64% of patients being women [2]. We report a unilateral condylar hyperplasia in 35 year old female managed successfully by surgical intervention. Case Presentation A 35 year old female patient reported to us with a chief complaint of facial asymmetry. Her antenatal and obstetric history was not contributory. She had a history of trauma to the lower jaw during childhood for which she had not undergone any treatment. On extra-oral examination patient had facial asymmetry, fattening seen on the lef side of the face with appearance of fullness on right side of the face (Figure 1). A bony swelling in the lef pre-auricular region was evident measuring about 1.5 cms x1.5 cms. On opening of the mouth patient had deviation of the lower jaw towards the right side (Figure 2). On radiographic examination, OPG shows gross enlargement of the lef condyle and Loss of antegonial notching with downward bowing of the inferior border on the mandible (Figure 3). CT scan revealed a hyperplastic lef condyle with elongated neck (Figure 4). An outward and downward growth of the body and ramus of the mandible on the afected side, deviation of mandible and chin to the opposite side, slanted occlusal plane for dental compensation, and deviation of dental midlines were evident. Tere was asymmetry of the lef hemi mandible and outward protrusion of the anterior teeth. As the hyperplastic mass of condyle was evidently extended in the lateral preauricular region, it was easier to approach with preauricular incision (Figure 5a and b). Dissection was carried out till the mass was reached and continued to expose the condylar neck. Bony cut was made just below the hyperplastic mass which led to its separation from the neck of the condyle (Fig 6a and b). Entire mass was carefully removed in Toto (Figure 7a and b). Te raw condyle neck portion was rounded of to mimic the condylar head (Figure 5b). Wounds were closed in layers. Post operatively, patient developed open bite on contra lateral side with premature Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia: A Case Report OPEN ACCESS *Correspondence: Kalyani Gelada, B 101, Sujay Garden Housing Society, Mukund Nagar, Pune 411037, India, Tel: 919960593911; E-mail: gelada.kalyani@gmail.com Received Date: 09 Apr 2018 Accepted Date: 02 Jun 2018 Published Date: 20 Jun 2018 Citation: Gelada K, Halli R, Hebbale M, Mograwala H, Sethi S, Patil VS. Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia: A Case Report. Ann Clin Case Rep. 2018; 3: 1524. ISSN: 2474-1655 Copyright © 2018 Kalyani Gelada. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Case Report Published: 20 Jun, 2018 Abst ract Condylar Hyperplasia (CH) is a bone disease characterized by the increased development of mandibu¬lar condyle. It regularly presents as an active growth with facial asymmetry generally without pain. Statistically it af¬fects more women in adolescence, although it does not discriminate by age or gender. Its best-known consequence is Asymmetric Facial Deformity (AFD), combined with alteration of the dental occlusion with unilateral crossbite or open bite. It is not known when condylar hyperplasia begins and how long it lasts. We report a unilateral condylar hyperplasia in 35 year old female managed successfully by surgical intervention. Keywords: Deviated mouth opening; Hyperplasia; Overgrowth of the mandible; Unilateral crossbite Kalyani Gelada*, Rajshekhar Halli, Manjula Hebbale, Husain Mograwala, Sanjana Sethi and Viren S Patil Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, India