Environmental Education and One School’s Initiative:
Using a Garden Project to Spread Environmental Awareness
and Poverty Alleviation
Vuyisile Msila
1
University of South Africa, College of Education, PO Box 392, UNISA 0003 South Africa
E-mail: msilavt@unisa.ac.za
KEYWORDS Relevance. Subject Integration. School Community Links. Values. Democracy
ABSTRACT The current environmental education curriculum aims to ensure that all South Africans develop the responsibility
to conserve and respect the environment. Schools are under much pressure to lead the effective spread of environmental education.
This paper explores the findings of a case study from one school’s garden project. Situated in the Eastern Cape, South Africa,
the school started a Garden for All Project (GAP) to fight poverty among its learners. Not only was the GAP successful in
combating poverty, it enabled the school to reach out to the community as they collaborated on environmental education. The
researchers used qualitative approaches, gathering data through interviews and observations. Not only did the learners benefit
from nutritious healthy meals made possible by the project, but they also learnt about other learning areas and the importance
of the school’s links with the community.
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
Omtoyin and Sanda (2012) point out that
poverty is a social condition characterised by
the inadequacy of access to basic human needs
for the maintenance of socially acceptable mini-
mum standard of living. Many developing coun-
tries such as South Africa experience this phe-
nomenon. Learners in majority of schools come
from families who experience poverty. Agholor
and Obi (2013) point that in South Africa there
is a strong linkage between agricultural produc-
tivity and poverty alleviation. These authors also
write about how government has proclaimed in
1994 the right of people to use various ap-
proaches in fighting poverty. Education has also
been perceived as a tool for combating poverty.
“The school feeding programme initiated by the
government allows children who have been en-
rolled in the primary school access to one meal
a day” (Agholor and Obi 2013:90). In addition
to this though, many schools have initiated their
own poverty alleviation strategies. A number of
authors have emphasised the need to improve
the prominence of child rights in poverty re-
duction strategy processes (Espey et al. 2010).
This article focuses on a case study of a primary
school that initiated a garden project for orphans
in the school. The project was meant to help
feed the indigent learners in the school. About
half of the school’s 587 learners benefited from
the project. Buhl (2012) highlights the require-
ment for schools to meet the needs of poor
children. She argues that hunger and malnutri-
tion among children in developing countries
continues to impair health, quality of life and
survival. As mentioned briefly above, when the
post-apartheid government came into power in
1994, the national school feeding policy was
introduced. Three pillars of this feeding scheme
were (a) to have a school feeding programme
in place; (b) to use school gardens to stimulate
local farm production; and (c) to promote
healthy life styles (Buhl 2012). All this calls
for participation of all the role players. In
tandem with this the organisation, the Partici-
pate group’s document (2013) argues that
participation in development interventions are
crucial in sustainable development. This group
postulates:
Sustainable change happens when people
living in poverty acquire the tools and knowl-
edge to participate actively and effectively in
development processes. This may mean contrib-
uting their specific local knowledge, their un-
derstanding of the opportunities and challenges
that local customs and beliefs present for so-
cial change or it may mean challenging social
and institutional injustice and demanding
greater state accountability and access to pub-
lic services.
The project in this investigation was also
propelled by commitment of both learners and
teachers. Later, the community saw the project’s
meaning and subscribed to the idea. The project
became more than just a self-help project; it
© Kamla-Raj 2013 J Agri Sci, 4(1): 39-47 (2013)