International Journal of Agricultural Policy and Research Vol.5 (12), pp. 192-200, December 2017
Available online at https://www.journalissues.org/IJAPR/
https://doi.org/10.15739/IJAPR.17.023
Copyright © 2017 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article ISSN 2350-1561
Original Research Article
Effect of drying plantain (Musa spp.) suckers prior to in
vitro culture on reduction of lethal browning
Received 3 November, 2017 Revised 5 December, 2017 Accepted 18 December, 2017 Published 29 December, 2017
Eustache T. Ade-Eyitatyo F.
Agbadje*
1
,
Arnaud Agbidinoukoun
1
,
Martine Zandjanakou-Tachin
2
,
Gilles Todjro Habib Cacaï
1
,
Sètondji Serge Houedjissin
1
,
and
Corneille Ahanhanzo
1
1
Central Laboratory of plant
Biotechnology and plants breeding,
University of Abomey-Calavi(UAC),
Benin.
2
School of Horticulture and Green
Space Management (EHAEV),
National University of Agriculture
(UNA), Benin.
*Corresponding Author Email:
eustagbadje01@yahoo.fr
Tel.: +229 97014050
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of drying plantain suckers on
explants size, survival rate and browning intensity of plantain apices during
in vitro culture. Three sets of suckers were used in the experiment. The first
set used as a control and was not dried. The second set was dried under
shade for 7 days and the third set was dried under shade for 14 days. Then
explants were isolated. Comparative study was undertaken based on the
immersion of explants in cysteine solution before in vitro culture. According
to their size, two kinds of explants were isolated from each set (0.5 cm × 0.5
cm and 1 cm × 1 cm). The explants of 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm were introduced
directly in culture after isolation. The explants of 1 cm × 1 cm were divided
into two sub-sets. The explants isolated from the first sub-set were briefly
immersed in 50 mg/l cysteine solution before in vitro culture. The second
sub-set was introduced directly in the culture. The results showed that when
the suckers are dried under shade for both of 7 and 14 days it reduced
tissue browning and increased number of apices survived than the brief
immersion of explants in 50 mg/l solution of cysteine. The response of
explants varied with their sizes (0.5cm × 0.5 cm vs 1cm × 1 cm). Thus,
explants with the size of 1 cm × 1 cm isolated from suckers dried for 7 days
was the best treatment as 100% survival rate of material was observed
during the four weeks of culture. As a result first subculture can be carried
out after 4 weeks of culture instead of one to two weeks as recommended
under other conditions. This method consumes less time and material, easy
to perform and reduces the risk of loss of material during subcultures.
Key words: browning intensity, suckers drying, banana and plantain tissue
culture, apices survival
INTRODUCTION
Bananas and plantains are among the most important food
crops in Central and Western Africa. They play an essential
role in contributing to food security,generation of
employment, diversification of income sources in rural and
urban areas, gross domestic product (GDP) and poverty
reduction (Nkendah and Akyeampong, 2003). Mostof
banana cultivars produced seedless fruits. The traditional
planting material consists of suckers produced by the
mother plant in the fields. This natural propagation
pathway is slow, laborious and produces small quantity and
especially low phytosanitary planting material (Gandonou
et al., 2012).In vitro propagation makes it possible to
remove these constraints through mass production of
plantlets (Rahman et al., 2013). Compared to conventional
suckers, micro plantletsare more rapidly growing, larger,
uniform and have ashorter production cycleand give
ahigher yield (Sheela and Nair, 2006; Bhanusree et al.,
2015).
Mainproblems in banana and plantain tissue culture are
browning/darkening of culture medium and the cut
surfaces of theexplants, from initiation phase and during
subcultures (Vuylsteke, 1998), browning of young leaves,